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Willow tree algorithms for pricing Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits under jump-diffusion and CEV models

Author

Listed:
  • Bing Dong
  • Wei Xu
  • Yue Kuen Kwok

Abstract

This paper presents the willow tree algorithms for pricing variable annuities with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits (GMWB), where the underlying fund dynamics evolve under the Merton jump-diffusion process or constant-elasticity-of-variance (CEV) process. The GMWB rider gives the policyholder the right to make periodic withdrawals from his policy account throughout the life of the contract. The dynamic nature of the withdrawal policy allows the policyholder to decide how much to withdraw on each withdrawal date, or even to surrender the contract. For numerical valuation of the GMWB rider, we use willow tree algorithms that adopt more effective placement of the lattice nodes based on better fitting of the underlying fund price distribution. When compared with other numerical algorithms, like the finite difference method and fast Fourier transform method, the willow tree algorithms compute GMWB prices with significantly less computational time to achieve a similar level of numerical accuracy. The design of our pricing algorithm also includes an efficient search method for the optimal dynamic withdrawal policies. We perform sensitivity analysis of various model parameters on the prices and fair participating fees of the GMWB riders. We also examine the effectiveness of delta hedging when the fund dynamics exhibit various jump levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Bing Dong & Wei Xu & Yue Kuen Kwok, 2019. "Willow tree algorithms for pricing Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits under jump-diffusion and CEV models," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(10), pages 1741-1761, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:quantf:v:19:y:2019:i:10:p:1741-1761
    DOI: 10.1080/14697688.2019.1583360
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ludovic Gouden`ege & Andrea Molent & Xiao Wei & Antonino Zanette, 2024. "Enhancing Valuation of Variable Annuities in L\'evy Models with Stochastic Interest Rate," Papers 2404.07658, arXiv.org.
    2. Claudio Fontana & Francesco Rotondi, 2022. "Valuation of general GMWB annuities in a low interest rate environment," Papers 2208.10183, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
    3. Kirkby, J. Lars & Nguyen, Duy, 2021. "Equity-linked Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits with dollar cost averaging," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 408-428.
    4. Yaowen Lu & Duy-Minh Dang, 2023. "A semi-Lagrangian $\epsilon$-monotone Fourier method for continuous withdrawal GMWBs under jump-diffusion with stochastic interest rate," Papers 2310.00606, arXiv.org.
    5. Dong, Bing & Xu, Wei & Sevic, Aleksandar & Sevic, Zeljko, 2020. "Efficient willow tree method for variable annuities valuation and risk management☆," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    6. Jin-Yu Zhang & Wen-Bo Wu & Yong Li & Zhu-Sheng Lou, 2021. "Pricing Exotic Option Under Jump-Diffusion Models by the Quadrature Method," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 58(3), pages 867-884, October.
    7. Fontana, Claudio & Rotondi, Francesco, 2023. "Valuation of general GMWB annuities in a low interest rate environment," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 142-167.
    8. Changfu Ma & Wei Xu & Yue Kuen Kwok, 2020. "Willow tree algorithms for pricing VIX derivatives under stochastic volatility models," International Journal of Financial Engineering (IJFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 7(01), pages 1-28, March.

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