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An approach to the acoustic design of outdoor space

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  • A. L. Brown
  • Andreas Muhar

Abstract

This paper focuses on soundscape planning, or acoustic design, in the planning and management of open space in both urban and non-urban areas. It is based on notions, promoted over several decades, that the acoustic aspects of open space can, and should be, subject to design in the same way as are the visual dimensions. The current paradigm for the management of the outdoor acoustic environment is noise control and soundscape planning needs to adopt quite different practices from noise control with respect to acoustic criteria and measurement. The paper explores the specification of acoustic objectives for outdoor soundscapes and the translation of these objectives into acoustic criteria that are amenable to measurement and prediction as part of the design process. Such objectives, termed Proposed Acoustic Environments, focus on the information content in sounds in a particular space and, only indirectly, on characteristics such as level or loudness. Outdoor acoustic design is mostly concerned with avoiding, or achieving, the masking of one set of information in the acoustic signal with other sets of information in the same signal. These are critical methodological issues if soundscape planning is to move from being a good idea to common practice. The paper sets out the elements of a process for the acoustic design or management of outdoor space.

Suggested Citation

  • A. L. Brown & Andreas Muhar, 2004. "An approach to the acoustic design of outdoor space," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(6), pages 827-842.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jenpmg:v:47:y:2004:i:6:p:827-842
    DOI: 10.1080/0964056042000284857
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Steele & Edda Bild & Cynthia Tarlao & Catherine Guastavino, 2019. "Soundtracking the Public Space: Outcomes of the Musikiosk Soundscape Intervention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-38, May.
    2. Javier Yesid Mahecha Nuñez & Inaian Pignatti Teixeira & Antônio Nélson Rodrigues da Silva & Peter Zeile & Luc Dekoninck & Dick Botteldooren, 2018. "The Influence of Noise, Vibration, Cycle Paths, and Period of Day on Stress Experienced by Cyclists," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Gunnar Cerwén & Eja Pedersen & Anna-María Pálsdóttir, 2016. "The Role of Soundscape in Nature-Based Rehabilitation: A Patient Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, December.
    4. Laura Estévez-Mauriz & Jens Forssén & Georgios Zachos & Wolfgang Kropp, 2020. "Let the Children Listen: A First Approximation to the Sound Environment Assessment of Children through a Soundwalk Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-18, June.
    5. Agnieszka Jaszczak & Natalia Małkowska & Katarina Kristianova & Sebastian Bernat & Ewelina Pochodyła, 2021. "Evaluation of Soundscapes in Urban Parks in Olsztyn (Poland) for Improvement of Landscape Design and Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-26, January.
    6. Gunnar Cerwén, 2019. "Listening to Japanese Gardens: An Autoethnographic Study on the Soundscape Action Design Tool," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-30, November.
    7. Knut Veisten & Yuliya Smyrnova & Ronny Klæboe & Maarten Hornikx & Marjan Mosslemi & Jian Kang, 2012. "Valuation of Green Walls and Green Roofs as Soundscape Measures: Including Monetised Amenity Values Together with Noise-attenuation Values in a Cost-benefit Analysis of a Green Wall Affecting Courtyar," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-19, October.
    8. Karmele Herranz-Pascual & Itziar Aspuru & Ioseba Iraurgi & Álvaro Santander & Jose Luis Eguiguren & Igone García, 2019. "Going beyond Quietness: Determining the Emotionally Restorative Effect of Acoustic Environments in Urban Open Public Spaces," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-20, April.
    9. Jesper J. Alvarsson & Stefan Wiens & Mats E. Nilsson, 2010. "Stress Recovery during Exposure to Nature Sound and Environmental Noise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-11, March.
    10. Joo-Young Hong & Keng Hua Chong, 2023. "Designing Public Soundscapes through Social Architecture and Soundscape Approaches: Reflective Review of Architectural Design Studio," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-24, August.
    11. Nur Belkayalı & Işıl Kaymaz, 2021. "Acoustic Environment of Urban Historical Places: A Case Study in Kastamonu, Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-23, July.

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