The prediction index of aggregate data

The analysis of the association between the two dichotomous variables of a $ 2\times 2 $ 2×2 table arises as an important statistical issue in a number of diverse settings, such as in biomedical, medical, epidemiological, pharmaceutical or environmental research. When only the aggregate (or marginal) information is available, the analyst may determine the likely strength of the association between the variables. In this paper, we propose a new measure, called aggregate prediction index, that assesses the likely statistical significance of the association between the rows and columns of a $ 2\times 2 $ 2×2 table where one variable is treated as a predictor variable and the other is treated as a response variable. Further insight into the predictor's potential strength can be visually obtained by performing an asymmetric version of correspondence analysis and considering a biplot display of the two variables – this issue shall also be explored in light of the new index.