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Planning Culture--A Concept to Explain the Evolution of Planning Policies and Processes in Europe?

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  • Joerg Knieling
  • Frank Othengrafen

Abstract

This article examines the complex relations between spatial planning and its cultural context (including the specific socio-economic patterns and related cultural norms, values, traditions and attitudes). To be able to analyze the extent to which spatial planning adapts to external pressures such as Europeanization, a "culturized planning model" with the three dimensions "planning artefacts", "planning environment" and "societal environment" is used. It can be observed that the "harmonization" of spatial planning practices can result from external pressures such as EU regulations as well as (horizontal) collective learning processes. However, "harmonization" does not necessarily result in convergence. Adaptational pressures such as Europeanization often result in the customization of existing structures, frames and policies ("planning artefacts" and "planning environment") but do not fundamentally change the underlying core cultural traits ("societal environment"). These cultural traits are quite resistant to change and help maintain a diversity of planning cultures and policies in Europe.

Suggested Citation

  • Joerg Knieling & Frank Othengrafen, 2015. "Planning Culture--A Concept to Explain the Evolution of Planning Policies and Processes in Europe?," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(11), pages 2133-2147, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:11:p:2133-2147
    DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1018404
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    Cited by:

    1. Suškevičs, M. & Eiter, S. & Martinat, S. & Stober, D. & Vollmer, E. & de Boer, C.L. & Buchecker, M., 2019. "Regional variation in public acceptance of wind energy development in Europe: What are the roles of planning procedures and participation?," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 311-323.
    2. Anatolie CĂRBUNE, 2020. "BOOK REVIEW: Rui Alexandre Castanho, Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Strategies for Sustainable Development, Hershey, PA: IGI Global Abstract: Cross Border Cooperation (CBC) is one of the European Unio," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 11, pages 233-237, November.
    3. Nowak, Maciej J., 2019. "Funkcje narzędzi wykorzystywanych w polityce przestrzennej," Studia z Polityki Publicznej / Public Policy Studies, Warsaw School of Economics, vol. 6(3), pages 1-13, July.
    4. Rui Alexandre Castanho, 2019. "Identifying Processes of Smart Planning, Governance and Management in European Border Cities. Learning from City-to-City Cooperation (C2C)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-15, October.
    5. Marius Zipf & Johannes Glückler & Tamar Khuchua & Emmanuel Lazega & François Lachapelle & Jakob Hoffmann, 2023. "The Judicial Geography of Patent Litigation in Germany: Implications for the Institutionalization of the European Unified Patent Court," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Genet Alem, 2021. "Urban Plans and Conflicting Interests in Sustainable Cross-Boundary Land Governance, the Case of National Urban and Regional Plans in Ethiopia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, March.
    7. Tom Rye & Robert Hrelja, 2020. "Policies for Reducing Car Traffic and Their Problematisation. Lessons from the Mobility Strategies of British, Dutch, German and Swedish Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-26, October.

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