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Exploring income variations across traditional authorities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

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  • Robert Klitgaard
  • Amanda Fitschen

Abstract

To understand income inequality and poverty, one must go beyond the important and much-studied differences rural and urban living and investigate inequalities within rural areas. Using new South African data aggregated by 'traditional authorities', this article examines variations in per capita income across poor, rural, mostly black areas of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province. The inequalities are significant. In explaining them, the article examines the importance of such variables as education, proportion of females in the resident population, population density, soil quality and rainfall. A geographical information system is used to map both the raw data and the residuals from a regression analysis, and this combination of statistical and geographical analyses yields new insights. Finally, the article suggests how these techniques might be supplemented by qualitative and quantitative studies of 'overachieving' and 'underachieving' traditional authorities - those whose incomes per capita are well above or below what regression equations would predict.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Klitgaard & Amanda Fitschen, 1997. "Exploring income variations across traditional authorities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(3), pages 363-376.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:deveza:v:14:y:1997:i:3:p:363-376
    DOI: 10.1080/03768359708439971
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    Cited by:

    1. William Easterly & Ross Levine, 2002. "It´s Not Factor Accumulation: Stylized Facts and Growth Models," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Norman Loayza & Raimundo Soto & Norman Loayza (Series Editor) & Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel (Series Editor) (ed.),Economic Growth: Sources, Trends, and Cycles, edition 1, volume 6, chapter 3, pages 061-114, Central Bank of Chile.
    2. Clover, T.A. & Darroch, Mark A.G., 2005. "Owners' perceptions of factors that constrain the survival and growth of small, medium and micro agribusinesses in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 44(2), pages 1-26, June.

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