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The impact of immigration enforcement on agricultural employment: evidence from the US E-Verify policy

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  • Sunghun Lim
  • SongYi Paik

Abstract

Immigration enforcement often brings unintended consequences in domestic labor markets. Using the universe of administrative immigration data from 2005 to 2019, we uncover evidence that the E-Verify, an employment verification mandate, exacerbates the ongoing farm labor shortage in the US. Relying on the newly developed staggered difference-in-differences method, we find that the E-Verify policy restricts the employment of undocumented farmworkers. Our results indicate that domestic workers are not being replaced with declined undocumented workers wherein the inflow of the H-2A visa migrants still remains. Our finding advances a more nuanced picture of the US labor shortage driven by the E-Verify policy. This paper contributes to the rising policy debate on reforming nationwide E-Verify enactment and the H-2A visa program in the US.

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  • Sunghun Lim & SongYi Paik, 2023. "The impact of immigration enforcement on agricultural employment: evidence from the US E-Verify policy," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 55(19), pages 2223-2259, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:55:y:2023:i:19:p:2223-2259
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2022.2102135
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    Cited by:

    1. Shrestha, Samyam & Sant'Anna, Hugo, 2023. "Immigration Enforcement, Entrepreneurship, and Firm Entry/Exit," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335611, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

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