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Effect of seasonal and cyclonic winds on internal tides over the Bay of Bengal

Author

Listed:
  • Sachiko Mohanty

    (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi)

  • A. D. Rao

    (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi)

  • Himansu Pradhan

    (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
    Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)

Abstract

The influence of seasonal and cyclonic winds is studied on the characteristics of internal waves (IWs) over the western Bay of Bengal (BoB) by using MITgcm model. As the BoB experiences reversal of seasonal winds and also tropical cyclones during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon months, its effect is seen through the computation of spectral estimates of the IWs. It is seen that the peak estimate is associated with the semidiurnal frequency at all the depths and is found higher in May compared to November. This is attributed to the presence of shallow mixed layer depth and deep thermocline due to the upwelling favorable winds. The computation of isopycnal displacement infers that the internal tides are present from 40 to 120 m depth in case of upwelling favorable winds of May, whereas, the presence of internal tides is restricted between 90 and 120 m for the downwelling favorable winds of November. During May, the available potential energy is also seen in a narrow coastal stretch, whilst it is absent in November. During the Hudhud cyclone period of October 7–14, 2014, it is noticed from the spectral estimates that the IWs of tidal frequency are replaced by inertial frequency with a periodicity of about 2 days as a consequence of strong cyclonic winds. The progressive vector diagram shows the mean current is initially westward up to October 17, 2014 and then northeastward with well-defined clockwise circulation. The maximum radius of inertial oscillation of 15 km is observed. After the cyclone ceases, the estimate associated with inertial frequency slowly diminishes and enhances the estimates related to internal tides. The simulations also suggest that the internal tides are absent for about 6 weeks as a response of the cyclonic winds.

Suggested Citation

  • Sachiko Mohanty & A. D. Rao & Himansu Pradhan, 2017. "Effect of seasonal and cyclonic winds on internal tides over the Bay of Bengal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 87(2), pages 1109-1124, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:87:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-017-2811-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-017-2811-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. Rao & P. Murty & Indu Jain & R. Kankara & S. Dube & T. Murty, 2013. "Simulation of water levels and extent of coastal inundation due to a cyclonic storm along the east coast of India," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 66(3), pages 1431-1441, April.
    2. K. Prasad & M. Rajasekhar, 2011. "Space borne SAR observations of oceanic internal waves in North Bay of Bengal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 57(3), pages 657-667, June.
    3. Himansu Pradhan & A. Rao & Madhu Joshi, 2016. "Neap—spring variability of internal waves over the shelf-slope along western Bay of Bengal associated with local stratification," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(2), pages 1369-1380, January.
    4. Himansu K. Pradhan & A. D. Rao & Madhu Joshi, 2016. "Neap—spring variability of internal waves over the shelf-slope along western Bay of Bengal associated with local stratification," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 80(2), pages 1369-1380, January.
    5. S. Babu & A. Rao, 2011. "Mixing in the surface layers in association with internal waves during winter in the northwestern Bay of Bengal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 57(3), pages 551-562, June.
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