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The Gender Pay Gap in EU Countries — New Evidence Based on EU-SES 2014 Data

Author

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  • Christina Boll

    (Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI))

  • Andreas Lagemann

    (Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI))

Abstract

Gender differences in wages are a persistent pattern in most European countries. This study analyses the earnings divide between men and women and the driving forces behind it in 26 countries. In 2014, the cross-country gender pay gap stood at 14.2%. However, country-level results differ tremendously with high gaps of more than 20% in Estonia and Germany and gaps below 5% in Belgium, Luxembourg, Slovenia and Romania. While part of the earnings divide can be explained by gendered sector affi liation and the high share of atypical employment among women, a large portion of the gender pay gap remains unexplained by the data. Even though the gender pay gap statistics are unable to identify the (non-)existence of discrimination, it still calls for diverse measures both at the state and the firm level.

Suggested Citation

  • Christina Boll & Andreas Lagemann, 2019. "The Gender Pay Gap in EU Countries — New Evidence Based on EU-SES 2014 Data," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 54(2), pages 101-105, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:intere:v:54:y:2019:i:2:d:10.1007_s10272-019-0802-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10272-019-0802-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Hennig, Jan-Luca & Stadler, Balazs, 2021. "Firm-specific pay premiums and the gender wage gap in 21 European countries," VfS Annual Conference 2021 (Virtual Conference): Climate Economics 242354, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    2. Zuzana Brixiová Schwidrowski & Susumu Imai & Thierry Kangoye & Nadege Desiree Yameogo, 2021. "Assessing gender gaps in employment and earnings in Africa: The case of Eswatini," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(4), pages 643-663, July.
    3. Landmesser Joanna Małgorzata, 2020. "Differences in the Income Distribution of Households Run by Men and Women by Voivodeships," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 20(1), pages 248-265, June.
    4. Schmid, Ramona, 2022. "Mind the gap: Effects of the national minimum wage on the gender wage gap in Germany," Hohenheim Discussion Papers in Business, Economics and Social Sciences 06-2022, University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences.
    5. Schmid, Ramona, 2023. "Mind the Gap: Effects of the National Minimum Wage on the Gender Wage Gap in Germany," VfS Annual Conference 2023 (Regensburg): Growth and the "sociale Frage" 277646, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    6. Jan‐luca Hennig & Balazs Stadler, 2023. "Firm‐specific pay premiums and the gender wage gap in Europe," Post-Print hal-04171877, HAL.
    7. Jan‐Luca Hennig & Balazs Stadler, 2023. "Firm‐specific pay premiums and the gender wage gap in Europe," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(359), pages 911-936, July.

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