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Novel sol–gel synthesis of Mo-doped ZnO-NPs for photo-catalytic waste water treatment using the RhB dye as a model pollutant

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Sohaib

    (University of Gujrat)

  • Tahir Iqbal

    (University of Gujrat)

  • Sumera Afsheen

    (University of Gujrat)

  • M. B. Tahir

    (Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology)

  • Arslan Masood

    (University of Gujrat)

  • Muhammad Rafique

    (University of Sahiwal)

  • K. N. Riaz

    (University of Okara)

  • M. A. Sayed

    (King Khalid University)

  • A. F. Abd El-Rehim

    (King Khalid University)

  • Atif Mossad Ali

    (King Khalid University)

Abstract

Photo-catalytic wastewater treatment is one of the most environmentally friendly, sound and cost-effective technique but the challenge is to identify the most efficient photo-catalyst. After titanium dioxide, zinc oxide (ZnO) is the most extensively utilized and readily available photo-catalyst for treating wastewater. The need of the hour is to improve its catalytic degrading efficacy so that it may be used as a commercial photo-catalyst. In this study, pure and Molybdenum (Mo-1, 2 and 3%)-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated via facile and cost-effective chemical sol–gel method. The influence of dopant concentration on pure ZnO-NPs has been investigated by examining their structural, optical and chemical properties. Fabricated NPs were analyzed using a variety of advanced characterization techniques such as XRD, EDS, SEM, UV–Visible, FTIR and PL spectroscopy. The Mo-doped ZnO XRD patterns show a wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure. It was discovered that the crystallite size of Mo-doped ZnO is significantly smaller than that of pure ZnO and declines as the Mo concentration increases. The photo-catalytic activity of 2% Mo-doped ZnO in Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation was investigated. It was discovered that the degradation efficiency of RhB over Mo-doped ZnO rises up to 2% doping and subsequently declines as doping levels increase.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Sohaib & Tahir Iqbal & Sumera Afsheen & M. B. Tahir & Arslan Masood & Muhammad Rafique & K. N. Riaz & M. A. Sayed & A. F. Abd El-Rehim & Atif Mossad Ali, 2023. "Novel sol–gel synthesis of Mo-doped ZnO-NPs for photo-catalytic waste water treatment using the RhB dye as a model pollutant," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(10), pages 11583-11598, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:25:y:2023:i:10:d:10.1007_s10668-022-02543-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02543-9
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