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A Niche Width Model of Optimal Specialization

Author

Listed:
  • Jeroen Bruggeman

    (Twente University)

  • Breanndán Ó Nualláin

    (Universiteit van Amsterdam)

Abstract

Niche width theory, a part of organizational ecology, predicts whether “specialist” or “generalist” forms of organizations have higher “fitness,” in a continually changing environment. To this end, niche width theory uses a mathematical model borrowed from biology. In this paper, we first loosen the specialist-generalist dichotomy, so that we can predict the optimal degree of specialization. Second, we generalize the model to a larger class of environmental conditions, on the basis of the model's underlying assumptions. Third, we criticize the way the biological model is treated in sociological theory. Two of the model's dimensions seem to be confused, i.e., that of trait and environment; the predicted optimal specialization is a property of individual organizations, not of populations; and, the distinction between “fine” and “coarse grained” environments is superfluous.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeroen Bruggeman & Breanndán Ó Nualláin, 2000. "A Niche Width Model of Optimal Specialization," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 6(2), pages 161-170, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:comaot:v:6:y:2000:i:2:d:10.1023_a:1009633318912
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1009633318912
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. BRUGGEMAN, Jeroen & PELI, Gábor, 2011. "Cultural niche dimensionality and small firm subsistence," Working Papers 2011005, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    2. Hui Long, Lin & Qi Ming, Zhuang, 2007. "Adaptive extent and seed yield predictions for Microula sikkimensis grown in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 201(3), pages 507-520.
    3. Brian W. Kulik & Timothy Baker, 2008. "Putting the organization back into computational organization theory: a complex Perrowian model of organizational action," Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, Springer, vol. 14(2), pages 84-119, June.

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