Transport Contract - Exception To The Relativity Effects Of Legal Document

The parts to the contract are the shipper freight and the carrier. But the beneficiary of the contract is the conignee, although he doesn’t take part to the signing of the contract, he is (if he is adhering to the contract) acquirer of rights and obligations which result from the contract of carriage. The contract of carriage is considered an exception to the principle of relativity effects of the legal act and it is considered by some authors in the literature as a stipulation for another with certain features. Stipulation for another is the contract whereby one part (stipulate) provide that the other side (promisor) to give, to do or not to do something for the benefit of a third person (beneficiary) who do not participate, and he doesn’t take part to the conclusion of the contract. It is considered the only real exception of the principle of relativity. Called contract for another's benefit, stipulation for another creates for the beneficiary third-part right, directly and immediately created in his benefit since the conclusion of the contract between the promisor and the stipulate. The right is created from the time of signing the contract, in the patrimony of beneficiary, regardless of beneficiary’s accepting or waivering this right.