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Uwarunkowania ładu spontanicznego i stanowionego w gospodarce Polski okresu transformacji

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  • Anna E. Grabska

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest analiza wybranych uwarunkowań ładu gospodarczego w Polsce odpowiadającego założeniom dwóch teorii kształtowania ładu – teorii ładu spontanicznego F.A. Hayeka oraz teorii ładu stanowionego W. Euckena. W ramach realizacji celu głównego analizie poddano wartości i preferencje polskiego społeczeństwa w początkowych latach transformacji pod kątem ich dopasowania do dwóch powyższych modeli kształtowania ładu gospodarczego. Realizacja tak sformułowanego celu wymagała analizy źródeł wtórnych, w tym literatury fachowej i raportów z międzynarodowych badań empirycznych. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że warunkiem sprawnego i efektywnego funkcjonowania ram wyznaczających ład gospodarczy zarówno w ujęciu Euckena, jak i Hayeka jest ich akceptacja przez społeczeństwo. Z kolei akceptacja reguł ładu i zaangażowanie w ich tworzenie zależy od poziomu dostosowania procesu tworzenia ładu i jego reguł do wartości i preferencji społeczeństwa. Z rozważań prezentujących wybrane wyniki badań mentalności, systemów preferencji i wartości polskiego społeczeństwa w początkowym okresie transformacji wynika, że było ono relatywnie bardziej predysponowane do akceptacji stanowionego modelu kształtowania ładu gospodarczego autorstwa W. Euckena. Uwarunkowania kulturowe, takie jak: duża nieufność wobec władzy formalnej, wysokie oczekiwania od życia, brak zdolności do współpracy, wysoki dystans władzy, niski etos pracy, pragnienie szybkiego wzbogacenia się, a jednocześnie niewielkie doświadczenie w funkcjonowaniu gospodarki rynkowej w tylko ograniczonym stopniu predysponowały polską gospodarkę do wyboru oddolnego modelu kształtowania ładu gospodarczego.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna E. Grabska, 2012. "Uwarunkowania ładu spontanicznego i stanowionego w gospodarce Polski okresu transformacji," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 5-6, pages 119-140.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2012:i:5-6:p:119-140
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    transformacja; ład gospodarczy; wartości i preferencje społeczeństwa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B52 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Modern Monetary Theory;
    • D71 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations

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