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Empirical Approximation of the ES-VaR: Evidence from Emerging and Frontier Stock Markets during Turmoil / Aproximación empírica del VaR y ES-VaR: evidencia de mercados emergentes y de frontera durante períodos de turbulencia

Author

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  • Rossignolo, Adrián F.

Abstract

After releasing the Basel III Capital Accord with enhanced Minimum Capital Requirements (MCR) based on Value-at-Risk (VaR), the Basel Committee embarked on a revision of the risk measures employed and, in this sense, it proposed the introduction of Expected Shortfall (ES) to replace VaR in a bid to remedy VaR’s glitches. The current article features a review of ES, specially emphasising the impact that the application of ES would exert on MCR in times of great market stress. The empirical analysis performed determines that 97.50% could constitute the confidence level for ES-based MCR that accomplishes the Basel Committee’s mandate —therefore equating VaR’s and ES’s MCR— and recommends several changes in the level of the fixed factors in the Basel Committee’s MCR formulas in order to calibrate outcomes. Furthermore, it suggests a likely course of action —abiding by Basel regulations— to remedy the inconsistencies underlying the capital buffers. Finally, it hints at the adequacy of Basel II Capital Acord subject to the utilisation of the right model to compute the risk metric embedded in the MCR formulae and, conversely, points at the knee-jerk reaction of the Basel Committee at the time of enacting the Basel III mandates. / Luego de publicar el Acuerdo de Capital de Basilea III, que incluye mayores Requerimientos Mínimos de Capital (MCR) basados en el Valor-en-Riesgo (VaR), el Comité de Basilea encaró una revisión de las métricas de riesgo empleadas y, en tal sentido, propuso la introducción del Déficit Esperado (ES) para reemplazar el VaR en un intento de remediar las valencias del VaR. El presente artículo expone una evaluación de ES, enfatizando especialmente el impacto que la aplicación de ES tendrá sobre los MCR en tiempos de stress en los mercados. El análisis empírico determina que el nivel de confianza a aplicar a ES para lograr el mandato del Comité de Basilea consistente en igualar los MCR derivados del VaR con aquellos de ES es 97.50%. Adicionalmente, el estudio recomienda algunos cambios en el nivel de los parámetros fijos existentes en las fórmulas que determinan los MCR necesarios para calibrar los resultados. Además, se sugiere un curso de acción —dentro de las regulaciones de Basilea— para remediar las inconsistencias que subyacen a las reservas de capital. Finalmente, se apunta que, en caso de emplearse el modelo adecuado para computar la medida de riesgo utilizada para calcular los MCR, el Acuerdo de Capital de Basilea II podría haber resultado adecuado, hecho que indicaría una sobre-reacción del Comité de Basilea al momento de la promulgación de Basilea III.

Suggested Citation

  • Rossignolo, Adrián F., 2017. "Empirical Approximation of the ES-VaR: Evidence from Emerging and Frontier Stock Markets during Turmoil / Aproximación empírica del VaR y ES-VaR: evidencia de mercados emergentes y de frontera durante," Estocástica: finanzas y riesgo, Departamento de Administración de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco, vol. 7(2), pages 123-175, julio-dic.
  • Handle: RePEc:sfr:efruam:v:7:y:2017:i:2:p:123-175
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Expected Shortfall; Value-at-Risk; Basel Capital Requirements; Extreme Value Theory / Valor en Riesgo; Valor en Riesgo condicional; pérdida esperada; requerimientos de capital; Basilea III;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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