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La ecuación de segundo grado en la estimación de parámetros de la martingala y la valuación de opciones americanas a través de la programación dinámica estocástica / The quadratic equation in the parameter estimation of the riskless probability and the american options pricing through stochastic dynamic programming

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  • Climent Hernández, José Antonio

    (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Departamento de Administración)

Abstract

En este trabajo se presentan los factores de influencia y las características que se deben satisfacer en la teoría de valuación de opciones en un mercado completo, se utiliza el marco teórico del modelo de Cox, Ross y Rubinstein (1979), se estiman los parámetros de la probabilidad libre de riesgo a través de una ecuación de segundo grado y utilizando la programación dinámica estocástica se modela el precio subyacente para valuar opciones, se analizan las diferencias entre el modelo obtenido y el modelo de Cox, Ross y Rubinstein (1979), se analiza gráficamente la convergencia de las opciones europeas y americanas de compra al modelo de Merton (1973) y al modelo de Black y Scholes (1973), se valúa una opción europea de compra sobre la paridad fix del mercado extrabursátil mexicano y un warrant americano sobre Kodak, se muestra que el modelo obtenido tiene diferencias en la valuación de las opciones con respecto al modelo de Cox, Ross y Rubinstein (1979), se valúan las opciones americanas de venta sobre la paridad fix y sobre Kodak utilizando los insumos de la opción europea de compra sobre la paridad fix y del warrant americano sobre Kodak y se analiza gráficamente la convergencia al modelo de Barone-Adesi y Whaley (1987), se muestran las diferencias entre ambos modelos concluyendo que el modelo de Cox, Ross y Rubinstein (1979) tiene una calibración elegante de los parámetros de la probabilidad libre de riesgo pero subestima o sobreestima el riesgo de mercado y la valuación de las opciones con respecto al modelo propuesto en este trabajo / In this paper, the influencing factors and the characteristics that have to be satisfied in the options pricing theory in a complete market are presented. The theoretical framework of the model by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein (1979) is used. The risk free probability parameters are estimated by means of a quadratic equation, using stochastic dynamic programming, the underlying price for valuing options is modeled. The differences between the proposed model and the one by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein (1979) are analyzed. The convergence of European and American call options to the Merton (1973) and Black and Scholes (1973) models is analyzed graphically. A European call option on the fix parity of the Mexican over the counter market, and an American warrant on Kodak are priced, showing that the proposed model has differences in the options pricing when compared to the Cox, Ross and Rubinstein (1979) model. The American put options are priced on the fix parity and on Kodak, using the inputs on the European call option on the fix parity and the American warrant on Kodak. The convergence to the Barone-Adesi and Whaley (1987) model is graphically analyzed. The differences between both models are shown, concluding that the Cox, Ross and Rubinstein (1979) model has an elegant calibration of the risk free probability parameters, but it underestimates or overestimates the market risk and the options pricing with respect to the model proposed in this paper

Suggested Citation

  • Climent Hernández, José Antonio, 2014. "La ecuación de segundo grado en la estimación de parámetros de la martingala y la valuación de opciones americanas a través de la programación dinámica estocástica / The quadratic equation in the para," Estocástica: finanzas y riesgo, Departamento de Administración de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco, vol. 4(2), pages 155-190, julio-dic.
  • Handle: RePEc:sfr:efruam:v:4:y:2014:i:2:p:155-190
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Valuación de opciones; Administración de riesgo; Análisis de riesgo; Programación dinámica estocástica / Options Pricing; Risk Management; Risk Analysis; Stochastic Dynamic Programing;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis

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