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Una perspectiva biofísica del cambio agrícola en Austria: dos sistemas agrarios en las décadas de 1830 y 1990

Author

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  • Fridolin Krausmann

    (Klagenfurt University)

Abstract

The paper argues for an ecologically-informed agricultural history. It introduces a model-based approach for the analysis of biophysical relations in local agricultural production systems. Data from the Franciscean Cadastre and statistical sources are used to quantify material and energy exchange processes between society and nature, and their development over time for two Austrian case studies. It will be demonstrated that livestock played an integrating and multifunctional role in optimizing land use at the local level in 19th century agriculture. The fossil fuel based industrialization of agriculture in the 20th Century resulted in the disintegration of local land use systems, turning them into throughput systems with high inputs and outputs. On the one hand, this allowed for tremendous increases in area and labour productivity but, on the other hand, significantly decreased the energy efficiency of agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Fridolin Krausmann, 2006. "Una perspectiva biofísica del cambio agrícola en Austria: dos sistemas agrarios en las décadas de 1830 y 1990," Historia Agraria. Revista de Agricultura e Historia Rural, Sociedad Española de Historia Agraria, issue 40, pages 501-530, december.
    • Handle: RePEc:seh:journl:y:2006:i:40:m:december:p:501-530
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    : agricultural modernization; environmental history; land use; Iivestock; material and energy flows; socio-economic metabolism;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N53 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - Europe: Pre-1913
    • N54 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - Europe: 1913-
    • Q15 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Land Ownership and Tenure; Land Reform; Land Use; Irrigation; Agriculture and Environment
    • Q25 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Water
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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