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Minority Contributions to the Sat Score Turnaround: an Example of Simpson’s Paradox

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  • Howard Wainer

Abstract

Since 1980 the decline in SAT scores has stopped and the scores have started to creep back up. The scores for white Americans have increased 8 points during this period and 15 points for non-whites. It was thus surprising to discover that the overall mean increased only 7 points. This is not an arithmetic error but rather an example of a well-known statistical phenomenon called Simpson’s Paradox. In this note we explain the paradox and describe a method that will avoid it in the future.

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  • Howard Wainer, 1986. "Minority Contributions to the Sat Score Turnaround: an Example of Simpson’s Paradox," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 11(4), pages 239-244, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jedbes:v:11:y:1986:i:4:p:239-244
    DOI: 10.3102/10769986011004239
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