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How Can a Cluster Policy Enhance Entrepreneurship? Evidence from the German ‘Bioregio’ Case

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  • Claire Champenois

    (Audencia Nantes School of Management, PRES LUNAM, 8 route de la Jonelière, 44300 Nantes, France)

Abstract

I investigate the mechanisms through which a cluster policy can enhance entrepreneurship defined as new venture creation. The paper is based on the study of a cluster policy (‘BioRegio’) that strongly simulated new firm creation in biotechnology in Germany after 1996. The process induced by BioRegio at the territory level is analyzed over a ten-year period (1995–2004). I identify a three-step social mechanism through which a cluster policy can enhance entrepreneurship. The presented results strengthen the literature on cluster policies and clusters on the specif c issue of entrepreneurship: four main contributions are suggested.

Suggested Citation

  • Claire Champenois, 2012. "How Can a Cluster Policy Enhance Entrepreneurship? Evidence from the German ‘Bioregio’ Case," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 30(5), pages 796-815, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirc:v:30:y:2012:i:5:p:796-815
    DOI: 10.1068/c1180
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krauss, Gerhard & Stahlecker, Thomas, 2001. "New Biotechnology Firms in Germany: Heidelberg and the BioRegion Rhine-Neckar Triangle," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 17(1-2), pages 143-153, Aug.-Sept.
    2. Rolf Sternberg & Matthias Kiese & Dennis Stockinger, 2010. "Cluster Policies in the US and Germany: Varieties of Capitalism Perspective on Two High-Tech States," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 28(6), pages 1063-1082, December.
    3. Eickelpasch, Alexander & Fritsch, Michael, 2005. "Contests for cooperation--A new approach in German innovation policy," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1269-1282, October.
    4. Casper, Steven, 2007. "How do technology clusters emerge and become sustainable?: Social network formation and inter-firm mobility within the San Diego biotechnology cluster," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 438-455, May.
    5. Maryann Feldman & Johanna Francis & Janet Bercovitz, 2005. "Creating a Cluster While Building a Firm: Entrepreneurs and the Formation of Industrial Clusters," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(1), pages 129-141.
    6. Susana Borrás & Dimitrios Tsagdis, 2008. "Cluster Policies in Europe," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 4134.
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    Cited by:

    1. Champenois, Claire & Etzkowitz, Henry, 2018. "From boundary line to boundary space: The creation of hybrid organizations as a Triple Helix micro-foundation," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 76, pages 28-39.

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