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Paying for the Public Life

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  • Paul R. Levy

    (Center City District, Philadelphia)

Abstract

More than 800 business improvement districts (BIDs) are reviving downtown and commercial areas in North American cities, large and small. Jerry Mitchell’s 1999 survey offers the first independent, systematic census, providing valuable information about their size, budgets, services, and priorities. But, by choosing to view BIDs primarily as a new mechanism for municipal service delivery, Mitchell occasionally misses implications of his own research, such as the leadership many of these organizations exercise in shaping public policy and their emerging role in the management and governance of cities. While originating in North America, city center management organizations are springing up in Europe, Japan, Australia, and South Africa and represent a creative response to suburbanization. This article, written by the executive director of one America’s largest BIDs, looks at their origin and evolution, discusses current trends and new initiatives, and addresses some of the criticisms that have been directed at BIDs.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul R. Levy, 2001. "Paying for the Public Life," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 15(2), pages 124-131, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ecdequ:v:15:y:2001:i:2:p:124-131
    DOI: 10.1177/089124240101500202
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    Cited by:

    1. Jill Simone Gross, 2005. "Business Improvement Districts in New York City’s Low-Income and High-Income Neighborhoods," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 19(2), pages 174-189, May.
    2. Kevin Ward, 2006. "‘Policies in Motion’, Urban Management and State Restructuring: The Trans‐Local Expansion of Business Improvement Districts," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(1), pages 54-75, March.
    3. Ian R. Cook, 2008. "Mobilising Urban Policies: The Policy Transfer of US Business Improvement Districts to England and Wales," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45(4), pages 773-795, April.
    4. Robert J. Stokes, 2007. "Business Improvement Districts and Small Business Advocacy: The Case of San Diego's Citywide BID Program," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 21(3), pages 278-291, August.
    5. Diogo Gaspar Silva & Herculano Cachinho, 2021. "Places of Phygital Shopping Experiences? The New Supply Frontier of Business Improvement Districts in the Digital Age," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-21, November.

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