Institution Of The Church As A Subject Of Civil Society In Modern Russia[Православная Церковь Современной России В Системе Гражданского Общества]

Introduction. The ongoing sociocultural transformations determine the fact that, at present, the problem of developing relations between the Russian state and traditional religious associations is becoming one of the most relevant trends for Russian society. That is why the article raises the issue of the role and place of the Church in the life of Russian society and the institution of the Church (the priority of consideration is the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate - hereinafter the ROC) is considered and analyzed as a subject of civil society. The authors consider the key trends of relations between the state and traditional religious associations represented in Russia. Scientific novelty of the research: The scientific novelty is due to the combined study of the role and place of the Church in the structure of civil society, changes in the degree of church participation in various spheres of state and public life. Phenomenological analysis makes it possible to consider how correctly attributing the Church to the subjects of civil society, as exemplified in sociological researches, the role and place of the Church in the structure of civil society is demonstrated, the dominant point of view about the influence of the Church on public life and the policy of the Russian state is recorded in public consciousness. The aim of the article is, on the basis of legislation and sociological research data analysis, reveal the role of the Church in the structure of Russian civil society, show what makes the Church related to civil society and what makes them alien to each other, what they have in common, apart from the fact that they are social institutions and their system differences; to demonstrate how the relations of the state and traditional religious associations are built in the conditions of modernity. Methods: phenomenological analysis, essential and system analysis, generalization of independent characteristics, social study. Results: The analysis fixes the role and place of the institution of the Church in the subjectivity of civil society; the analysis of sociological research data demonstrates the prevalence in the public consciousness of the opinion that the Church to some extent influences not only public life, but also the policy of the Russian state. The analysis of the trends in the development of Russian society and the state recorded the predominance of the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church among other Churches in public life.