Interdisciplinarity In Modern Humanitarian Knowledge: Trends, Results And Development Prospects[Междисциплинарность В Современном Гуманитарном Познании: Тенденции, Итоги И Перспективы Развития]

Introduction. The article is devoted to studying the phenomenon of interdisciplinarity in scientific knowledge in general and particularly in the humanities. The results of its formation are summed up approximately from the middle of the XIX century until now. The author highlights the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches to understanding the essence of interdisciplinarity. Individual perspectives of forming interdisciplinarity in the humanities are recorded. The aim of the study is to carry out a theoretical and methodological analysis of interdisciplinarity in the humanities and beyond, to identify trends in its further development. Methods. The author uses the following general scientific methods: modeling, level approach, structural-functional, systemic and comparative analysis, idealization. Scientific novelty of the study. The author introduces the concept “the level of interdisciplinarity.” A number of levels are highlighted, such as disciplinary, transdisciplinary, problem, objective. The heuristic potential and limits of each level are noted. Results. Interdisciplinarity is interpreted in the work as a series of interacting levels. The reason for this situation should be sought in the fact that each level has a specific “center” around which its integration takes place. On the disciplinary level, a number of sciences are being combined; on a transdisciplinary, the transfer of the universal model of knowledge into concrete sciences; necessary for the solution of some problem, on the objective - the synthesis of sciences, dictated by the knowledge of this object. Conclusions. Interdisciplinarity is a dynamically developing phenomenon of scientific knowledge. It was established that each of the levels considered in the work is not self-sufficient, influences the others. It is shown that the object level of interdisciplinarity, which began to form only at the end of the twentieth century, is the most promising in terms of strengthening the heuristic potential. Any level of interdisciplinarity requires constant theoretical and methodological development and improvement.