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Takeover Motives during the Conglomerate Merger Wave

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Author Info
John G. Matsusaka

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Abstract

This article examines the stock market response to acquisition announcements during and immediately after the conglomerate merger wave of the late 1960s. The main finding is that acquirer shareholders benefited from diversification acquisitions, which implies that diversification was not driven by managerial objectives. It is also shown that the market responded positively to bidders who retained the management of target companies and negatively to bidders who replaced target management. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the market favored acquisitions intended to exploit managerial synergies. It suggests that the market disliked takeovers that were motivated to discipline target management. Evidence on buyer and target price-earnings ratios is presented that is inconsistent with the conjecture that conglomerates were able to mislead investors by earnings-per-share manipulation.

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File URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0741-6261%28199323%2924%3A3%3C357%3ATMDTCM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-1&origin=repec
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Publisher Info
Article provided by The RAND Corporation in its journal RAND Journal of Economics.

Volume (Year): 24 (1993)
Issue (Month): 3 (Autumn)
Pages: 357-379
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Handle: RePEc:rje:randje:v:24:y:1993:i:autumn:p:357-379

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  1. Nancy L. Rose & Andrea Shepard, 1994. "Firm Diversification and CEO Compensation: Managerial Ability or Executive Entrenchment?," NBER Working Papers 4723, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Mitchell Berlin, 1999. "Jack of all trades? Product diversification in nonfinancial firms," Business Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, issue May, pages 15-29. [Downloadable!]
  3. R. Glenn Hubbard & Darius Palia, 1998. "A Re-Examination of the Conglomerate Merger Wave in the 1960s: An Internal Capital Markets View," NBER Working Papers 6539, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Andrei Shleifer & Robert W. Vishny, 2001. "Stock Market Driven Acquisitions," NBER Working Papers 8439, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Claessens, Stijn & Djankov, Simeon & Joseph P. H. Fan & Lang, Larry H. P., 1999. "Corporate diversification in East Asia : the role of ultimate ownership and group affiliation," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2089, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  6. Trimbath, S. & Frydman, H. & Frydman, R., 2000. "Corporate Inefficiency and the Risk of Takeover," Working Papers 00-14, C.V. Starr Center for Applied Economics, New York University. [Downloadable!]
  7. David N. Margolis, 2006. "Should Employment Authorities Worry About Mergers and Acquisitions?," IZA Discussion Papers 1994, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Peter G. Klein, 1997. "Were the Acquisitive Conglomerates Inefficient?," Industrial Organization 9711001, EconWPA, revised 04 Feb 2002. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Felipe Balmaceda, 2002. "Corporate Diversification: Good for Some Bad for Others," Documentos de Trabajo 141, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile. [Downloadable!]
  10. Belen Villalonga, 2001. "Diversification Discount or Premium? New Evidence from BITS Establishment-Level Data," Working Papers 01-13, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
  11. Bolton, Patrick & Scharfstein, David S, 1998. "Corporate Finance, the Theory of the Firm, and Organizations," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 12(4), pages 95-114, Fall. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Belen Villalonga, 2000. "Does Diversification Cause the "Diversification Discount"?," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management 1079, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA. [Downloadable!]
  13. Ekaterina Emm & Jayant Kale, 2006. "Efficiency Implications of Corporate Diversification: Evidence from Micro Data," Working Papers 06-26, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
  14. M. Àngels Oliva & Luis Rivera-Bátiz, 1997. "A Model of Conglomeration and Synergy Traps," Economics Working Papers 232, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. [Downloadable!]
  15. José Manuel Campa & Simi Kedia, 1999. "Explaining the Diversification Discount," Working Papers 99-06, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  16. Sang V Nguyen & Robert H Mcguckin, 1995. "Exploring The Role Of Acquisition In The Performance Of Firms: Is The "Firm" The Right Unit Of Analysis?," Working Papers 95-13, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
  17. Bengt Holmstrom & Steven N. Kaplan, 2001. "Corporate Governance and Merger Activity in the U.S.: Making Sense of the 1980s and 1990s," NBER Working Papers 8220, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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