Impact Of Climate Changes In The Water Sector

The impact of climate changes reflected in the diminution of drinking water resources, the hydrological cycle alteration, the increase of the average temperature with major variations in the regional area, seasons alteration, the increase of extreme climatic phenomena, biodiversity diminution, they all represent an actual global concern. The water sector confronting with challenges both due to climate changes and to carbon management, trying to adapt the specific policies depending on necessities and adapting the imposed measures from case to case. The increase of energy price and more and more severe legal requirements determine the water-sewage companies to implement strategies that would lead to the decrease the energy needs in the processes of water treatment and cleaning. The CO2 emmissions from the water-sewage sector are either direct (appeared during the opperational process, water treatment, cleaning, slime treatment), or indirect or incorporated (in the construction and facility sector, such as cement or chemical substances). Even if at present accent is laid only on CO2, greenhouse effect gases that should be taken into consideration are: methane (CH4) and nitrogen oxide (NO2). An emmission source of methane that involves the water-sewage companies is the sector of urban waste water, that is the urban cleaning stations where pools of slime fermentation from the cleaning process are provided. This paper presents the impact of climate change regarding the way of treatment of this concept at present, the mechanism of greenhouse effect gases, the challenges of the introduction of carbon footprint in the water industry, as well as a case study from the Water Company Somes S.A.