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Le chômage en Europe : conclusions d’une analyse économétrique multinationale

Author

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  • Drèze, Jacques H.

    (CORE, Louvain-la-Neuve)

  • Bean, Charles R.

    (London School of Economics)

Abstract

The paper summarizes the principal empirical findings of the European Unemployment Program. It draws on 10 country studies which utilize the macroeconomic framework set out by Sneessens and Drèze (1986). The main conclusions are as follows: (i) a major problem in Europe is that productivity gains are quickly absorbed into wages and the effect of unemployment on wage settlements is generally weak; (ii) a wage-price-productivity spiral means the European economies are inflation-prone; (iii) demand pressures spill over into the balance of payments rather than leading to price increases; (iv) the major proximate determinant of employment in the 1980s is the level of effective demand. Cet article résume les principales conclusions empiriques du European Unemployment Program. Il se base sur dix études nationales qui utilisent le cadre macroéconomique développé par Sneessens et Drèze (1986). Les principales conclusions sont les suivantes : (i) un problème majeur de l’Europe résulte de ce que les gains de productivité sont absorbés rapidement dans les salaires tandis que l’incidence du chômage sur les accords salariaux est généralement faible; (ii) la spirale salaires-prix-productivité rend les économies européennes vulnérables à l’inflation; (iii) la tension de la demande se résorbe par la balance des paiements plutôt que par des hausses de prix; (iv) le principal déterminant immédiat de l’emploi dans les années quatre-vingt est le niveau de la demande effective.

Suggested Citation

  • Drèze, Jacques H. & Bean, Charles R., 1992. "Le chômage en Europe : conclusions d’une analyse économétrique multinationale," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 68(1), pages 357-386, mars et j.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:68:y:1992:i:1:p:357-386
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