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Les sciences sociales, l'économie et l'immigration

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  • Jacky Fayolle

Abstract

[eng] Social sciences, economy and immigration Jacky Fayolle The French economists have taken part in the public debate about immigration less actively than demographers, jurists and sociologists. However economic thought about immigration exists on the international scale for a long time and it is active in some countries, presently particularly in the United States. It proposes a fine vision of the immigration effects on the economy of the reception country and on the welfare of its population. But its conclusions are uncertain too, because it is not easy to identify and to measure the specific effects of the immigration. This paper does not propose a completed economic thought about immigration. Its objective is to place the economic aspects of the question in the whole of the references that structure the public debate. It insists on the necessary dynamic approach of immigration in order to analyse it better and to expect its effects on the reception economy. [fre] Les économistes français se sont moins exprimés que les démographes, juristes, politologues et sociologues dans le débat public sur l'immigration. Pourtant la réflexion économique sur l'immigration, et plus largement les migrations internationales, existe de longue date à l'échelle internationale et elle est aujourd'hui active dans certains pays, notamment aux Etats-Unis. Elle propose une vision nuancée des effets de l'immigration sur l'économie du pays d'accueil et le bien-être de sa population, qui est généralement fort loin des idées reçues en ce domaine. Mais ses conclusions sont aussi souvent incertaines, car il n'est pas aisé d'identifier et de mesurer l'impact spécifique de l'immigration, ce qui conduit plutôt les économistes à la prudence. Sans proposer une reflexion économique achevée sur l'immigration, ce texte a pour objet de situer la dimension économique au sein de l'ensemble des références qui structurent le débat public. Il s'efforce d'indiquer comment les arguments échangés interpellent les économistes. Il insiste sur la nécessité d'une approche dynamique du processus migratoire afin de mieux l'évaluer et d'anticiper, dans la mesure du possible, ses implications sur l'économie et la société d'accueil.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacky Fayolle, 1999. "Les sciences sociales, l'économie et l'immigration," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 68(1), pages 193-218.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1999_num_68_1_1714
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1999.1714
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1999.1714
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