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Croissance, emploi et chômage dans les années quatre-vingt

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  • Pierre-Alain Muet
  • Christine Carl

Abstract

[eng] One of the main characteristics of the eighties was the high level of unemployment in the EEC countries, which strongly contrasts with the return to full employment in the United-States. The first three parts of this paper analyse how labor force, employment and unemployment evolved during the last thirty years, in relation to demographic and economic growth. The last part tries to highlight the factors which lead to the mass unemployment in European countries. The explanation assigns a crucial role to the economic policies conducted in the United- States and in Europe, as well as to their interactions. [fre] Les années quatre-vingt ont été marquées, dans les pays de la Communauté européenne, par la persistance d'un chômage élevé qui contraste avec le retour au plein emploi de l'économie Nord américaine. Les trois premières parties de I' article analysent l'évolution de l'emploi, de la population active et du chômage dans les pays industrialisés au cours des trente dernières années, en relation avec la croissance démographique et économique. La dernière esquisse une interprétation des facteurs qui ont conduit au chômage massif des pays de l'Europe communautaire. On montre notamment que les politiques économiques menées des deux côtés de l'Atlantique et leur interaction ont joué un rôle déterminant dans la lenteur de la croissance européenne et la persistance du chômage.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre-Alain Muet & Christine Carl, 1991. "Croissance, emploi et chômage dans les années quatre-vingt," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 35(1), pages 21-55.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1991_num_35_1_1234
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1991.1234
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1991.1234
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