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Hong-Kong et Singapour : deux modèles non exemplaires

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  • Monique Fouet

Abstract

[eng] The cities of Hong-Kong and Singapore, of british origin and Chinese population, enjoy a standard of living comparable to that of southern Europe. They have both experimented an exceptionally fast growth over the past twenty years within opposite social and political frames : liberalism in Hong- Kong, interventionism in Singapore. . The manufacturing sector, differing in strategy an sectorial structure, is in both cases almost wholly export-oriented. It accounts for only a third of Gdp. Economic activity mainly relies on international trade and services and therefore cannot be imitated by neighbour economies. Recent macro-economic difficulties are worse in Singapore, linked with Asean countries, than in Hong-Kong, linked with OECD countries and mainland China. They do not mean the end of a miracle. Their growth was no miracle, and is likely to pick up in the near future, although at a slower pace. [fre] Ноng-Коng et Singapour, villes créées au XIXe siècle par les Britanniques, et de population majoritairement chinoise, ont un niveau de vie comparable à celui des pays d'Europe du sud. Leur croissance économique, exceptionnellement rapide depuis vingt ans, s'est effectuée dans le cadre de systèmes politico- économiques radicalement opposés : libéralisme à Hong-Kong, interventionnisme à Singapour. . L'industrie, au-delà de différences stratégiques et sectorielles, est dans les deux cas quasi exclusivement tournée vers l'exportation. Elle ne représente que le tiers de l'activité économique de ces cités-Etats qui, fondamentalement, sont des plaques tournantes à vocation tertiaire, et qui fournissent par là- même des modèles de développement inimitables par les pays voisins. Les difficultés macro-économiques récentes, plus profondes à Singapour (liée à I 'ASEAN) qu'à Hong-Kong (tournée vers l'Occident et la Chine) ne sonnent pas le glas d'un miracle. Il n'y a pas eu de miracle. Une croissance certes plus modérée, mais néanmoins substantielle, est susceptible de reprendre dans quelques semestres.

Suggested Citation

  • Monique Fouet, 1986. "Hong-Kong et Singapour : deux modèles non exemplaires," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 17(1), pages 97-126.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1986_num_17_1_1072
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1986.1072
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1986.1072
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