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La transmission des mouvements de taux d'intérêt : une analyse conjoncturelle

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  • J. Paul Horne

Abstract

[eng] An analysis of the economic reasons for international interest rate movements must start with the basic relationship between interest and inflation rates. Another key factor in today's environment of few capital controls, is investors' preference for maximizing yields on any of the prin- international capital flows are thus moving toward the high-yielding currencies, notably the dollar. The dollar's appreciation is, however, slo-wing correction of the U.S. balance of payments deficit. In conclusion, today's anti-inflation battle by the major central banks is causing capital movements and exchange rate shifts which may adversely affect balance of payments adjustment. cipal markets. International capital movements, dwarfing commercial transactions, have become the driving force of international interest rate linkage. But the economic environment is now changing in the principal countries. The U.S., Japan and the key European countries are tightening monetary policy to block inflationary pressures caused by the long period of rapid economic growth, [fre] L'analyse conjoncturelle de la transmission des mouvements de taux d'intérêt est basée sur le lien entre les taux d'intérêt et le taux d'inflation. Un autre élément est la préférence des investisseurs, dans le régime actuel de liberté des changes et les efforts des autorités monétaires à minimiser les fluctuations des taux de change, à chercher un maximum de rendement sur tous les marchés principaux. Les mouvements des capitaux, énormes par rapport aux transactions commerciales, sont devenus donc l'élément essentiel de transmission des mouvements des taux d'intérêt. La conjoncture actuelle, pourtant, évolue dans les principaux pays. Les Etats-Unis, le Japon et les grands pays Européens commencent à resserrer leurs politiques monétaires pour éviter le risque d'une poussée inflationniste à cause d'une surchauffe de leurs économies. En conséquence, les capitaux internationaux se précipitent sur les devises avec des taux d'intérêt élevés, notamment le dollar. Mais la fermeté du dollar ainsi provoquée retarde l'ajustement du déficit extérieur des Etats-Unis. En conclusion, dans la conjoncture d'aujourd'hui, la lutte monétaire contre l'inflation provoque des mouvements de capitaux qui ont des conséquences perverses sur les taux de change et les balances de paiements.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Paul Horne, 1989. "La transmission des mouvements de taux d'intérêt : une analyse conjoncturelle," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 4(2), pages 129-143.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1989_num_4_2_1218
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1989.1218
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1989.1218
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