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Quelques repères sur les services publics de radio et télévision en Europe

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  • Jean-Yves Caro
  • Pierre Kopp

Abstract

[eng] An international comparison of the public services of radio and television in 17 europeean countries. . This article aims to demonstrate that public broadcasting companies, regardless of social, idological, and political factors have certain characteristics which bring them to operate identically. An econometrical analysis demonstrates that spendings for public broadcasting and spendings for television follow a theoretical law determined by two variables : GNP per capita, size of the country. The supply of programms is determined by a combination of three variables : the number of T.V. receivers, the number of channels, and the existence of advertising as a mean of financing. A second part of the article deals with the effect of introducing advertising as a mean of financing public service. This measure appears to be a substitute for licence fees because such financing does not lead to an increase in television's ressources. However, it is shown that introducing advertising has a significant effect on the length of programms. Hence, the balance between the cost of programms and the quantity of programms reflects a country's policy toward T.V. and culture. [fre] Quelques repères sur les services publics de radio et télévision en Europe. . L'étude comparative des services publics de radio-télévision dans dix-sept pays européens entre 1982 et 1984 met en évidence l'existence de régularités de fonctionnement. La dépense par habitant pour la radio-télévision publique, comme pour la télévision - prise indépendamment - suivent une loi tendancielle dont les arguments sont le revenu par tête et un indicateur de taille de l'audience potentielle. L'analyse économétrique de la quantité de programmes télévisés, exprimée en heures, permet d'expliquer celle-ci à l'aide de trois variables : le nombre de téléviseurs, le nombre de chaînes de télévision, l'existence d'écrans publicitaires. L'introduction d'un financement partiel par la publicité du service public tend à augmenter le volume des programmes diffusés sans pour autant permettre une croissance des ressources pénalisant ainsi la qualité des programmes. La comparaison entre les autres pays et la France permet de souligner que cette dernière bénéficie d'un service public audiovisuel dans la norme européenne, tant du point de vue de la dépense par tête que de l'arbitrage réalisé entre qualité et quantité des programmes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Yves Caro & Pierre Kopp, 1988. "Quelques repères sur les services publics de radio et télévision en Europe," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 39(3), pages 573-588.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1988_num_39_3_409082
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