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Emploi, profit et inflation en 1975

Author

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  • Robert Boyer
  • Jacques Mistral

Abstract

[fre] L'article analyse l'inflation observée en France et dans d'autres pays de l'OCDE au cours des années 1974-1975. La discussion prend pour base un modèle sec­toriel de l'économie française, privilégiant, dans la formation des prix, le rôle des facteurs tenant à l'offre.. Les simulations font apparaître l'importance d'un ralentissement de l'ajustement de l'emploi dans la poursuite de l'inflation, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de postuler un relèvement exceptionnel dans la détermination des salaires. De plus, l'insen­sibilité du profit à la sous-utilisation des capacités de production joue un rôle crucial : une rapide comparaison internationale fait ressortir le rôle discriminant de ce facteur dans l'explication de la hiérarchie des taux d'inflation observés dans les divers pays de l'OCDE.. Selon cette analyse, le taux de salaire nominal est plus une conséquence qu'une cause des pressions inflationnistes, ce qui apparaît avoir quelques implications intéressantes de politique économique, point qui est brièvement analysé. D'un point de vue théorique, cette étude invite à reconsidérer l'hypothèse cou­ramment acceptée selon laquelle les quantités s'ajustent plus rapidement que les prix : le fonctionnement effectif du marché du travail apparaît constituer un contre-exemple important. [eng] Employement profit and inflation in 1975 . . The paper studies the inflation observed in France and other OECD countries during 1974-1975. The discussion is initially based on a multi sector model of the French economy, analyzing the supply side in priee determination. The simulations emphasize the role of a slower employment adjustment speed, so no exceptional behaviour of wage-earners in nominal wage determination is needed to explain the persistance of inflation. Moreover, the sensitivity of profit to idle capacities playd a crucial role : a short international comparaison outlines the discriminating power of this factor to explain the varions inflation rates in OECD countries. According to these results, nominal wage rate is more a consequence than a cause of inflationnary pressures. This feature appears to have some interesting implications on economic policy, point which is briefly discussed. On a theoritical point of view, the study invites to reconsider the widely accepted hypothesis according to which quantifies adjust quicker than prices : the real functionning of labour market seems to be an important counter-example.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Boyer & Jacques Mistral, 1977. "Emploi, profit et inflation en 1975," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 28(1), pages 36-70.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1977_num_28_1_408305
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1977.408305
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1977.408305
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    Cited by:

    1. Boyer Robert & Petit Pascal, 1980. "Estimation de fonctions d'emploi pour trois secteurs industriels dans six pays européens," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 8003, CEPREMAP.

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