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L'action du progrès technique sur l'évolution des qualifications

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  • Alain d'Iribane

Abstract

[eng] The relationship between technical progress and development of labour factor. . The numerous researches which have been carried out to date about the relationship between technical progress and the development of the labour factor have been unable to specify satisfactorily the nature and the forms of those links. On that subject, the economists' studies are disappointing because they used a conceptual framework and experimenting means that were quite unsuited. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a new approach to those two points of view. It will show that the links between techniques and labour factor are looser and looser as we lay aside strict interventions on a productive process to consider the definition of jobs and needs for qualification. At that stage, the entrepreneur sown calculation and consequently his choice criteria become determining. This calculation may be dealt with in a simple formalization. As far as qualifications are concerned technical progress becomes no more than an active factor among others and loses much of its restraining value : very different needs for qualification can be associated with identical techniques. [fre] L'action du progrès technique sur l'évolution des qualifications. . Les nombreuses recherches menées à ce jour sur les liens entre le progrès technique et l'évolution du facteur travail ont été incapables de préciser, de façon satisfaisante, la nature et les formes de ces liens.. En la matière, les travaux des économistes sont particulièrement décevants, en raison de l'utilisation d'un cadre conceptuel et d'instruments d'expérimentation inadaptés.. Le présent article propose une démarche nouvelle de ces deux points de vue. Il montre que les liens entre techniques et facteur travail sont de plus en plus lâches à mesure que l'on s'éloigne des interventions strictes sur un processus productif pour aller vers la définition des emplois et des besoins en qualification. A ce stade, le calcul individuel de l'entrepreneur, et donc ses critères de choix, devient déterminant. Ce calcul peut faire l'objet d'une formalisation simple. Au niveau des qualifications, le progrès technique ne devient plus qu'un facteur agissant, parmi d'autres, et perd une grande partie de sa valeur contraignante : à des techniques identiques peuvent être associés des besoins en qualification très variés.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain d'Iribane, 1974. "L'action du progrès technique sur l'évolution des qualifications," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 25(3), pages 362-394.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1974_num_25_3_408152
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1974.408152
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1974.408152
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