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A propos de la critique des théories de la croissance

Author

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  • René Bertrand

Abstract

[fre] L'auteur regrette l'insuffisance présente des théories de la croissance. Il ne pense pas, au contraire de Philippe Herzog, qu'il n'y ait qu'une seule alternative : approche marxiste ou approche néo-classique. Si une remise en cause est nécessaire, elle doit être encore plus fondamentale. Les égalités présentées par la comptabilité nationale, basées nécessairement sur l'observation de flux de paiement, et privilégiant de ce fait le « voile monétaire », reposent sur des postulats douteux. Les valeurs relatives que l'on présente dépendent de la répar­tition des revenus, elle-même tributaire de l'histoire, des institutions et de façon plus générale d'une morale sociale en évolution.. Les praticiens s'enlisent dans 'le maniement des fonctions de production, qui n'expliquent que très partiellement la croissance et l'auteur souhaite que les théoriciens s'engagent plus résolument dans des voies nouvelles (sans se référer nécessairement à des notions d'équilibre général). L'organisation sociale, se tra­duisant par des détours de production (de durée et de complexité croissantes) et la manière dont l'homme tire parti des ressources naturelles (développement des connaissances, progrès technique et changements de l'environnement) semblent devoir figurer dans toute théorique économique d'ensemble. [eng] The author regrets the inadequacy of existing growth theories.. Unlike Philippe Herzog, he does not think that there are only two alternatives : marxiste or neo-classical. If the latter is to be seriously questioned, it must be done in a more fundamental way. The identities set forth in national accounts, based necessarily on observation of money flows and therefore not independent of the « monetary veil », rest on doubtful assumptions. The relative values shown dépend on income distribution, itself a result of history, of institutions, and, in a more general way, of an evolutive social conscience.. Technicians flounder in the manipulation of production functions, which only partly explain growth, and the author hopes that theoreticians will go more boldly in new directions (without necessarily referring to ideas of general equilibrium). The organization of society, as expressed in the methods of production (of growing length and complexity) and the way in which man exploits natural resources (development of knowledge, technical progress, and changes in the natural environment) must play an important role in any general economie theory.

Suggested Citation

  • René Bertrand, 1971. "A propos de la critique des théories de la croissance," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 22(1), pages 43-68.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1971_num_22_1_407956
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1971.407956
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1971.407956
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