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Distribution alimentaire et prestation de services logistiques [Les singularités du modèle français]

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  • Gilles Paché

Abstract

[eng] Food retailing and logistical services : the specificities of the french model . For many years, European food retailers have been controlling the logistics channel by setting up or taking over distribution centers whose task it is to supply the stores network in the place of manufacturers and wholesalers. However the present trend is to subcontract the management of operations to such third-party logistics providers as have acquired a sound experience in this field. The latter more and more often offer tailored solutions, rather than standard ones, which exactly meet the requirements of each shipper. The paper focuses on this theme and develops in particular the French system, by showing that it stands apart from the general scheme, owing to the weight of history in the definition of logistical choices. The food retailers having opted for own account distribution, at the very start, find it very difficult to give it up today. Yet when such is the case, the outsourcing process remains marginal and favours a policy of cost reduction. [fre] Depuis plusieurs années, les détaillants alimentaires européens ont pris le contrôle du canal logistique en construisant ou rachetant des centres de distribution chargés d'approvisionner le front de vente à la place des industriels et des grossistes. La tendance actuelle est cependant de déléguer la gestion des opérations à des partenaires contractuels ayant acquis une réelle expertise en la matière. Ceux-ci proposent de plus en plus souvent des solutions «sur mesure», plutôt que standard, répondant exactement aux besoins de chacun des clients. L'article porte sur ce thème et s'intéresse plus particulièrement au cas français en soulignant qu'il échappe à ce schéma général, compte tenu du poids de l'histoire dans la définition des choix logistiques. En effet, ayant opté dès leurs origines pour une distribution intégrée, les détaillants alimentaires ont aujourd'hui du mal à y renoncer. Lorsque c'est le cas, le processus d'externalisation reste marginal et privilégie une politique de réduction des coûts.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilles Paché, 1998. "Distribution alimentaire et prestation de services logistiques [Les singularités du modèle français]," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 245(1), pages 49-55.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1998_num_245_1_5016
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1998.5016
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1998.5016
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