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La politique des services publics dans l'espace rural : du discours aux pratiques

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  • Véronique Roussel

Abstract

[fre] Pendant longtemps, le maintien des services publics a été considéré comme l'une des priorités de la politique d'aménagement rural. On invoquait alors le droit à l'existence du service public pour tous, droit inscrit dans les principes généraux de notre constitution. A partir des années 1 980, le discours change. L'introduction d'une logique de modernisation conforme à la politique dite de renouveau du service public- politique mise en place par Michel Rocard dans une circulaire du 23 février 1989 - apparaît comme une nécessité pour les producteurs comme pour les consommateurs, condition de rentabilité pour les premiers, condition de qualité pour les seconds. Pour permettre l'application de cette nouvelle politique, des schémas départementaux d'organisation et d'amélioration des services doivent être élaborés et des commissions départementales doivent être constituées sur la base d'un partenariat qui doit être le plus large possible. La signification d'une telle politique ? Quelles conséquences pour les services publics ruraux ? L'analyse de cette politique fait ressortir de nombreuses interrogations quant aux objectifs et modalités d'application. De plus, il semblerait qu'elle prenne insuffisamment en compte les réalités du monde rural et plus particulièrement celle des zones rurales dites difficiles [eng] The public services policy in rural areas : from what has been said to what has been done . For a long time, the keeping up of the public services was considered as one of the priorities of the policy for rural development. Then the right to exist for "the - public - service- for - all 'was put forward, this right being part of the general principles of our constitution. Since the eighties, ideas have changed. The appearance of the logic of modernization in accordance with what was called the "renewal policy " of the public service - a policy set up by Michel Rocard in a circular of February 23rd) 989 - appears as a need both for the producers and the consumers, a condition of profitability for the former, a condition of quality for the latter. To implement this new policy, the instructions at the level of the "département" for the organization and improvement of the services have to be defined and commissions, at the level of the "département" too, have to be set up according to a partnership which must be as wide as possible. What is the meaning of such a policy ? What are the consequences for the rural public services ? The analysis of this policy raises many questions as far as the aims and the modes of enforcement are concerned. Furthermore it does not look to take enough into account the realities of the rural world and more particularly that of the rural areas which are said to be hard to live in.

Suggested Citation

  • Véronique Roussel, 1997. "La politique des services publics dans l'espace rural : du discours aux pratiques," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 238(1), pages 28-32.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1997_num_238_1_4854
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1997.4854
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1997.4854
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    1. Philippe Sahuc, 1995. "Du bureau de Poste à un poste d'observation des mutations rurales," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 229(1), pages 22-28.
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