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Gestion de l'environnement, taxe sur le foncier non bâti et modes de faire-valoir

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  • Thierry Schmitt

Abstract

[fre] L'analyse fiscale permet souvent une excellente mise en relief des principes économiques et sociaux qui président à la gestion des milieux ruraux. Bâti sur le modèle d'un système économique axé sur la reproduction et l'accumulation du capital financier, l'impôt a été utilisé comme instrument de modernisation des structures foncières des exploitations agricoles, en privilégiant la substitution de capital au travail. Ce modèle trouve en France son origine au XVIIIe siècle comme le démontre l'exemple de la taxe sur le foncier non bâti. Assise sur la valeur cadastrale des terres, c'est-à-dire la rente foncière du propriétaire, cette imposition épargne le capital productif mis en œuvre par l'exploitant. Elle est révélatrice de l'évolution du système de production agricole, qui, aux XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, a favorisé la mise en place de grandes exploitations sur le modèle anglais, la transformation des techniques agricoles et la modernisation de l'outillage. En cela, l'impôt foncier nous confronte directement au phénomène de la maîtrise urbaine de la campagne et nous ramène à la problématique plus générale de la séparation progressive de l'exploitation et de la propriété des terres, c'est-à-dire du caractère patrimonial ou marchand de la gestion des biens fonciers. [eng] Environment management, land tax and faron use . Taxation is used in France as an instrument of modernisation of the landed property. This model has been established during the XVIIIth century with, in particular, the land tax. This is based on the « valeur cadastrale », in other words the ground rent ; it saves the productive equipment and resources used by the farmer. The land tax sets the general problem of distinction between farming and ground property.

Suggested Citation

  • Thierry Schmitt, 1992. "Gestion de l'environnement, taxe sur le foncier non bâti et modes de faire-valoir," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 208(1), pages 129-135.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1992_num_208_1_4469
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1992.4469
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1992.4469
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