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L'avenir des biotechnologies dans l'agriculture et l'agro-alimentaire

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  • Guy Paillotin

Abstract

[eng] Biotechnology constitutes a scientific and technological revolution because we now have the ability to analyse and intervene at a molecular level which opens a lot of prospects (e.g. gene transfer, selection of quality products on the basis of genetic characteristics, reagents which use the ability to recognize forms of certain molecules, etc.). At an economic level, biotechnology renews existing activities (in different ways depending upon the structure of the sector) rather than creating new activities ; it follows the technical progress of the last thirty years while incorporating technological changes : new methods of selection, creation of modified living beings by gene transfer, appearance of new technological procedures, etc. But the end user of biotechnology is not always conscious of making use of it because it is embodied in already existing products. [fre] Les biotechnologies constituent une révolution de nature scientifique et technologique du fait des possibilités d'analyse et d'intervention au niveau moléculaire, qui ouvrent de nombreuses perspectives (par exemple transfert de gène, sélection de produits de qualité à partir de caractéristiques génétiques, réactifs utilisant le pouvoir de reconnaissance de forme de certaines molécules, etc). Au niveau économique les biotechnologies diffusent en nappe dans un ensemble économique déjà installé, de façon différenciée selon la structure du milieu, plutôt qu'elles ne créent de nouvelles activités ; elles s'insèrent ainsi dans la continuité du progrès technique des trente dernières années, mais avec des ruptures technologiques : nouvelles méthodes de sélection, création d'êtres vivants modifiés par transgénose, apparition de nouvelles filières technologiques, etc. L'utilisateur final des biotechnologies n'a pas toujours conscience de les mettre en œuvre puisque elles sont souvent incorporées dans des produits déjà existants.

Suggested Citation

  • Guy Paillotin, 1989. "L'avenir des biotechnologies dans l'agriculture et l'agro-alimentaire," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 192(1), pages 18-22.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1989_num_192_1_3983
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1989.3983
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1989.3983
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