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Crédit agricole et agriculture en France au XXe siècle

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  • André Gueslin

Abstract

[eng] The XXth century is marked by the « bankerization » of the farming world. Agriculture has become a debt economy. In its added value, the part of the debt has grown from 16 % to 145 °/o between 1945 and 1984. Credit Agricole has accompanied this growth and also increased its speed. This bank is covering today 80 % of the agricultural debt against 40 % in the thirties. . The support of the state, at a time when banking avoided getting involved in farming, was a leading factor. Simultaneously, were drawn into a melting pot the agrarian leaders, the administrative and political world and the managers. But this was not enough. Credit Agricole has developed a real know-how. It is a strength today as the support of the state is declining. [fre] Le XXe siècle est marqué par une bancarisation du monde de la terre. L'économie agricole est devenue une économie d'endettement. Dans la valeur ajoutée de la branche, la part de l'endettement est passée de 16 à 145 % entre 1935 et 1983. Le Crédit Agricole a accompagné cette évolution, l'accélérant parfois. Il couvre la dette agricole à hauteur de 80 % en 1985 contre 40 % en 1935. Le soutien de l'État, à une époque où la banque évitait les opérations agricoles, a été un facteur essentiel d'autant qu'un véritable creuset s'est constitué entre agrarisme, appareil politico-administratif et entreprise. Mais cela n'aurait pas suffi à terme. Le Crédit Agricole a développé un réel savoir-faire. Ceci explique que sa place ne soit pas remise en cause aujourd'hui alors que les aides de l'État reculent.

Suggested Citation

  • André Gueslin, 1988. "Crédit agricole et agriculture en France au XXe siècle," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 184(1), pages 107-115.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1988_num_184_1_3899
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1988.3899
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1988.3899
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