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Les conflits pour l'aménagement du Marais Poitevin, ou : à qui appartient le local ?

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  • J.-P. Billaud

Abstract

[fre] Organisations agricoles et Associations de Protection de la Nature s'affrontent aujourd'hui dans le Marais Poitevin à propos de travaux hydrauliques. Cette polémique entre agriculture et environnement, ne peut être vraiment comprise que si on la resitue dans son contexte local : une crise des mécanismes d'appropriation qui ont permis jusqu'alors la gestion de cet écosystème. Dans le marais, l'appropriation du milieu répond toujours à deux critères : en faire un support de production ou d'usage, le maintenir comme tel, c'est-à-dire l'entretenir. Parce qu'aucun usage social de l'espace n'entre vraiment dans ce cadre, aucune couche sociale ne peut faire prévaloir sur les autres son mode d'utilisation de l'hydraulique, ce qui jusqu'alors était le cas des propriétaires. Ainsi, la diversification croissante des usages passe par le conflit social et provoque dans l'appareil d'État l'étalement au grand jour des diverses logiques gestionnaires qui l'habitent. [eng] Farmer's organizations and environmentalists disagree with regard to reclamation projects in the Poitevin marshes. To explain this conflict between agriculture and environment it must be replaced in its local context : a crisis in the decision processes and use rights patterns which, until recently, have ruled the management of this ecological system. Two sets of criteria are combined in any land-use decision : production or conservation. Since no social use of space really fits in this dicotomy no social group can claim its use of land and water is superior to that of other groups. As types of land-use become more diversified, social conflicts are increased and are revealed within the government machinery.

Suggested Citation

  • J.-P. Billaud, 1985. "Les conflits pour l'aménagement du Marais Poitevin, ou : à qui appartient le local ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 168(1), pages 21-24.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1985_num_168_1_3172
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1985.3172
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1985.3172
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