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L'après-crise, une troisième « fin des terroirs »?

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  • Pierre Maclouf

Abstract

[fre] Y a-t-il encore une place pour le local et pour le rural dans la «sortie de crise» qui se dessine? Lethèmedu développement local a été étroitement associé, pendant les années 70, à la recherche d'un autre type de croissance, plus douce. Mais actuellement, l'idéologie de la modernisation, de la marche forcée en avant, s'est imposée au lieu de celle du « pas de côté ». La problématique locale peut paraître, dès lors, accessoire. De même, les mutations sociales et culturelles actuelles ne remettent-elles pas en cause la spécificité de la société rurale? Le «terroir», cette «région considérée à cause de ses caractères particuliers», a-t-il encore une existence propre? Or, sans cette identité-là, l'espace rural n'est plus qu'un point de localisation de logiques générales. . Mais le local est une composante de la nouvelle régulation qui tend à s'instaurer. Il est, de même, illusoire de vouloir diagnostiquer une nouvelle «fin des terroirs», survenant après la «fin des paysans». Il reste dès lors à articuler ces deux éléments, pour une logique de développement venue d'« en-bas». Depuis ces terres du Sud-Ouest ou d'ailleurs, dans l'épaisseur culturelle du présent, donner au local la capacité de mise en cause économique et sociale d'une modernisation qu'il s'agit d'infléchir sans la contourner. [eng] As we get ready to emerge from the current crisis, one wonders whether there will still be room for such concepts as « local » and « rural ». They were very present during the seventies when softer type of growth was aimed at. A quick leap foreward under the ideology of modernization is now the dominant approach so any local angle may seem of secondary importance. Similarly, the concept of a specific rural society is in doubt under the influence of current social and cultural changes. The specificity of each small region or « terroir» is questioned and if those small regions have no real original features, then rural space must be subjected to the general logic of location analysis. Though two books have predicted the end of « terroirs » and of « peasants » there is still room for a local component for development from the grass roots, in the shaping of new forms of control which are being set up. Particulary in south-western France, where cultural forces are strong, local forces must be given the power to question economic and social aspects of modernization in order to reorient it, not to stop it.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Maclouf, 1985. "L'après-crise, une troisième « fin des terroirs »?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 166(1), pages 29-32.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1985_num_166_1_3141
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1985.3141
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1985.3141
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