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Les potentialités économiques de la production de biométhane en vue d'usages collectifs

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  • J.-P. Carriere

Abstract

[fre] L'utilisation à des fins énergétiques des sous-produits de l'agriculture et de la biomasse est encore aujourd'hui limitée par le manque de connaissances relatives à la compétitivité des technologies connues. Le propos de cet article est donc de tenter une première évaluation micro-économique d'un type particulier de production locale d'énergie à usage collectif fondé sur la méthanisation des déchets organiques. La méthode retenue procèdedu calcul actualisé : elle consiste en une comparaison du coût moyen actualisé du m3 de biogaz produit en vue d'usages collectifs et du prix moyen actualisé d'autres sources énergétiques fossiles, le fuel principalement. Les données ont été relevées lors de la mise en route de l'unité expérimentale de méthanisation de Saint-Secondin (Vienne). . Nos calculs montrent que sans aide massive de l'Etat, les potentialités de développement du biogaz restent très limitées. Néanmoins la prise en compte des « avantages socîaux » liés à la valorisation de la biomasse permet de nuancer des conclusions trop restrictives que suggère le cadre d'évaluation offert par le calcul économique. [eng] The energetic potential of agricultural by-products and biomass is still today largely untapped, owing to the lack of available data concerning the competitiveness of knowed technologies. This paper is a first attempt at a microeconomic assessment of a particulary energy-production unit for collective use, based on the mechanization of organic wastes. The method we used is derived from actualized calculation and consists in comparing the actualized average cost per cubic meter of biogas produced for a collective use, with the actualized average cost of other fossil energy sources, especially heating oil. The data were collected at the methanization experimental unit at Saint-Secondin (Vienne department). . Our calculations show that without any massive financial state intervention, the developpment potentialities of biogas remain poor. Nevertheless, the consideration at the social benefits linked to the valorization of biomass allows to offset such restrictive conclusions as suggested by the evaluation grid resulting from the economic calculation.

Suggested Citation

  • J.-P. Carriere, 1984. "Les potentialités économiques de la production de biométhane en vue d'usages collectifs," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 161(1), pages 31-36.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1984_num_161_1_3043
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1984.3043
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1984.3043
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