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Caractéristiques et tendances de l'industrie agroalimentaire française

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  • J.-L. Coujard

Abstract

[fre] La modernisation des industries agricoles et alimentaires françaises reste une préoccupation prioritaire des pouvoirs publics, réaffirmée dans le VIIe Plan. Les IAA souvent taxées d'archaïsme, présentent une spécificité que l'on peut caractériser notamment par l'hétérogénéité et la dispersion, mais qui n'interdit cependant pas des comparaisons avec d'autres activités industrielles. Il ressort de cet examen critique que les performances économiques des IAA sont dans l'ensemble honorables, souvent supérieures aux résultats moyens, malgré une indiscutable lenteur dans les rythmes de progression, qui peut à terme remettre en cause la situation actuelle. . Le rapide mouvement de concentration d'entreprises constaté ces dernières années, qui a permis l'émergence et la consolidation de quelques grands groupes, ne semble pas entraîner les résultats qui en étaient attendus : le solde positif du commerce extérieur agro-alimentaire reste dû à la seule agriculture tandis que les entreprises moyennes semblent avoir un grand rôle à jouer, tant sur le marché intérieur qu'à l'exportation. . On relève enfin que, par leurs caractéristiques, les IAA se distinguent nettement des industries de biens de consommation, et présentent un certain nombre d'analogies avec les industries dites de biens intermédiaires. [eng] Characteristics and tendencies of french agri-business - The modernization of French agri-business firms remains one of the main preoccupations for the authorities and is reaffirmed by the 7th Plan. Agri-business is often accused of being archaic and presents one specific characteristic - that of hetero- geneousness and dispersion - but this does not rule out comparisons with other industrial activities. From this critical examination the economic results of agri-business appear on the whole to be quite good, often better than the average, in spite of the fact that the rate of progress is slow and this may in the long run Jeopardize the present situation. . The rapid concentration of firms noted during the past few years which has enabled a few big groups to emerge and be consolidated, does not seem to lead to the results that were expected ; the assets of foreign trade in the agri-business sector are due to farming alone whereas middle-sized firms seem to have an important part to play both on the home market and on the export market. . Finally it is to be noted that agri-business by its characteristics is clearly distinguished from consumer goods industries and has a number of similarities with production goods industries.

Suggested Citation

  • J.-L. Coujard, 1977. "Caractéristiques et tendances de l'industrie agroalimentaire française," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 121(1), pages 10-16.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1977_num_121_1_2507
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1977.2507
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1977.2507
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