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L'aliment naturel, un mythe ?

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  • M. Sainclivier

Abstract

[eng] Is there a « natural » food ? - Is there a « natural » food ? The answer is not easy because the antithesis between « natural » foods and « elaborated » foods is artificial. To recommand either of these kinds of foods is not objective. Each of them involves risks for the consumer. . As a matter of fact, « natural » and « toxic » are on a par in many well-known cases like fungi, mais and aflatoxins, rapeseed and goitrigen substances, some leguminous plants and cyanogen substances or enzymes inhibitors, beans and favism, immature aubergine and sprouted potatoes and solanin, etc... . The treatment of natural foods by technics such as smoking and curing, involves also some risks. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons isolated from fish and meat smoked with a wood-fire like « in the old time », such as different nitrosamines found In most of saltings, are carcinogen factors. . However, it would be ridiculous to condamn these technics. The danger arising from their renunciation would be much greater. In the same way, it would be extremely hazardous of being inattentive during treatments of food. [fre] Existe-t-il un aliment naturel ? Il n'y a pas de réponse claire possible parce qu'il existe une antithèse factice entre l'aliment « naturel » et l'aliment « élaboré ». Il n'est pas objectif de vouloir prôner exclusivement l'un ou l'autre de ces types d'aliments. Chacun comporte des risques pour le consommateur. . Naturel et toxique vont en effet de pair dans les cas bien connus de certains champignons, des aflatoxines du maïs, des substances goitrigènes du tourteau de colza, des cyanogènes et des inhibiteurs d'enzymes de certaines légumineuses, du favisme provoqué par les fèves, de la solanine des aubergines immatures et des pommes de terre germées.... . L'aliment naturel humanisé par des techniques comme la fumaison et le salage comportent aussi des risques. Les hydrocarbures polycycliques aromatiques isolés des poissons et viandes fumées au « bon feu de bois comme autrefois », ainsi que les diverses nitrosamines trouvées dans la plupart des salaisons, sont des facteurs carcinogènes. . Néanmoins il serait absurde de condamner ces techniques, le danger résultant de leur abandon serait bien plus grand ; de même, il serait extrêmement imprudent de ne pas rester vigilant lors du traitement des denrées alimentaires.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Sainclivier, 1977. "L'aliment naturel, un mythe ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 121(1), pages 3-9.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1977_num_121_1_2506
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1977.2506
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1977.2506
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