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Analyse et appropriation des marges commerciales dans la filière de la viande

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  • L. Mazenc

Abstract

[eng] Analysis and distribution of the profit margin - On the meat market (France, Italy, Western Germany) - At the butcher's the price of meat is constantly rising. The consumer's verdict is immediate and irrevocable - the shopkeepers are to blame ! But is the profit levied by middle-men excessive ? Do these profit margins vary and, if so, how ? . In fact the middle-men act as a « buffer » between the producer and the consumer and their gross margin acts as a regulator. Thus, when, with the seasons, the butcher's margin increases, the slaughterer's decreases and vice versa, and when there is a considerable margin on fully-grown cattle, there is a small one on veal. The logical consequence of this opposition is that the margin rate levied is on the whole relatively constant, varying between 25 % and 30 % (before tax) of the price paid by the consumer. The same is true in Western Germany and Italy. Should this be a source of satisfaction or of disquiet ? Whatever one's opinion, a clarification of the market and a revaluation of the income of stock-breeders depends more on an interprofessional organisation that would lessen the variations in these margins than on their being recouped by the breeders, which in our opinion is an illusion. [fre] A l'étal du boucher le prix de la viande augmente sans cesse. Le verdict du consommateur est immédiat et sans appel : les coupables sont les commerçants ! Mais alors les marges prélevées par les intermédiaires sont-elles abusives ? Comment varient-elles ? Comment évoluent-elles ? . En réalité, entre la production et la consommation, les intermédiaires font et leur marge brute joue un rôle de régulateur. Ainsi, suivant les saisons, lorsque la marge du boucher augmente, celle du chevillard diminue et vice-versa ; par ailleurs, quand la marge sur les gros bovins est importante, elle est faible sur les veaux. . La conséquence logique de cet antagonisme fait que sur l'ensemble du circuit, un taux de marge relativement constant est prélevé et oscille entre 25 et 30 % (hors taxe) du prix payé par te consommateur. . Ces phénomènes se retrouvent de façon analogue en Allemagne Fédérale et en Italie. Doit-on s'en réjouir ou au contraire craindre les processus cumulatifs ? . Quoi qu'il en soit, la clarification du marché et la revalorisation du revenu des éleveurs relève beaucoup plus d'une réelle organisation inter-professionnelle permettant de réduire l'amplitude de variation de ces marges, que de leur « récupération » qui demeure, à notre avis, illusoire.

Suggested Citation

  • L. Mazenc, 1975. "Analyse et appropriation des marges commerciales dans la filière de la viande," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 110(1), pages 29-36.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1975_num_110_1_2386
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1975.2386
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1975.2386
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    Cited by:

    1. Philippe Boyer, 2014. "Objectifs, méthodes, résultats et projets de l’observatoire de la formation des prix et des marges des produits alimentaires," Post-Print hal-02966435, HAL.

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