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La politique de l'Etat et l'évolution de l'agriculture française : éléments d'interprétation économique

Author

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  • A. Mollard
  • Alain Mounier

Abstract

[fre] L'évolution de l'agriculture dans les formations sociales capitalistes (et notamment française) est tributaire de sa fonction : fournir un surtravail - le surplus paysan - pour les intérêts capitalistes industriels et financiers. Cette contribution de l'agriculture à une accumulation de capital rapide dans les différentes branches de l'économie provoque une réallocation des forces productives agricoles vers les autres activités économiques : ce processus est celui de la régression de l'agriculture. . La politique de l'Etat sous ses différents aspects, contribue à la création d'un surplus paysan croissant, dont bénéficient en premier lieu les industries agricoles et alimentaires à travers les marchés agricoles. Souhaitant accorder à celles-ci un rôle important dans l'évolution de l'agriculture, les pouvoirs publics ont progressivement accru leurs aides au secteur alimentaire dans l'espoir de limiter le volume des aides accordées à l'agriculture elle-même. L'internationalisation de l'industrie alimentaire entraîne peu à peu celle de l'ensemble du complexe agro-alimentaire, et fait passer le processus de régression de l'agriculture à un stade supérieur. . L'Etat ne peut plus s'opposer à cette évolution parce que, même en déléguant une part de ses prérogatives au niveau européen, les moyens de régulation de l'évolution du complexe agro-alimentaire lui échappent. Chargé, de par ses fonctions, de veiller à la cohérence de la formation sociale, il est obligé de prendre en charge les coûts sociaux croissants de la régression de l'agriculture : ne pouvant freiner le rythme de ce processus, il ne peut réduire ses dépenses sociales. Dans ces conditions, l'avenir de l'agriculture restera commandé par un processus de régression vigoureux. [eng] State policy and evolution of french agriculture : some elements for an economic interpretation - The evolution of agriculture in capitalist social formations (and particularly the French one) is a result of its function : to supply overwork - a peasant surplus - for capitalist industrial and financial interests. This contribution by agriculture to a rapid accumulation of capital in different branches of the economy provokes a reallocation of the productive agricultural forces in other economic activities : This process is that of the regression of agriculture. . State policy, with its various aspects, contributes to creating an increasing peasant surplus which firstly benefits the food and agricultural industries, through the agricultural products markets. Wishing to give them an important role in the agriculture evolution, the public authorities have progressively given more aid to the food sector, expecting to limit the volume of aid given to agriculture itself. Internationalisation of food industry leads gradually to that of the whole food and agricultural complex, and makes the regression process of agriculture function to a higher stage. . The State can no longer oppose this evolution, because, even by delegating some of its prerogatives at the european level the means to regulate the evolution of the food and agricultural complex escape it. Responsible, because of its function, for looking after the coherence of the social formation, it is forced to take over the increasing social costs of the regression of agriculture : as it is unable to break the rhythm of the process, it cannot reduce the social expenses. In these circumstances, the future of agriculture will continue to be controlled by a process of strong regression.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Mollard & Alain Mounier, 1975. "La politique de l'Etat et l'évolution de l'agriculture française : éléments d'interprétation économique," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 110(1), pages 3-15.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1975_num_110_1_2384
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1975.2384
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1975.2384
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