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Synthèse nationale de la situation des exploitations agricoles en 1962. [Evolution de 1959 à 1969]

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  • M. Fourquie

Abstract

[eng] National synthesis of the situation of the farms in 1962. Evolution form 1959 to 1969 -The specialized division of synthetical studies has carried out an analysis of the French agriculture based on the agricultural census of 1963. A typology called « land utilization » (similar to that used by the accountancy) was used for 180 groups of agricultural areas. This analysis through which 5 000 productions systems could be described, was subject to syntheses by geographical areas and then to a national synthesis. The latter revealed distributions of log-normal type of the farm size, production or income. Besides, it stresses the importance of tfe final production per unit which is as important as the notion of acreage. . The classification of farms according to their final production per unit can be assumed stable as their distribution is equally of a log-normal type. Besides, the average R.B.E. per farm calculated at the level of each intensification class is relatively constant, irrespective of the value of the average final production per unit. This result indicates that the agricultural structures seem to adapt themselves to the income derived from the land. . This relative constancy of the structure of the production account observed during the ten-year period 1959-1969 is due to a compensation between the progress of returns and prices, these two factors acting in a contrary direction. Consequently, the areas where technical innovation is slow, usually meat-producing areas, have maintained their position in relation to the areas where the technical level is high, generally grain-growing areas. . The results of this analysis should be verified and continued using the general agricultural census of 1970 with similar objects in mind. [fre] A partir de l'enquête agricole (B.S.) de 1963, la division des études spécialisées du Service d'Etudes et de Synthèse a réalisé une étude analytique de l'agriculture française en analysant une typologie dite des « Modes d'utilisation des sols » (voisine de celle adoptée pour le Réseau Comptable) au niveau des 180 groupes de régions agricoles (G.R.A.). Cette analyse qui a permis de décrire 5.000 systèmes de production a fait l'objet de synthèses par région de programme, puis d'une synthèse nationale. Celle-ci fait apparaître des distributions de type log-normal, que l'analyse porte sur la taille des exploitations, leurs productions ou leur revenu. De plus elle met clairement à jour l'importance de la notion de production finale à l'hectare aussi importante que la notion de superficie. . La stabilité du classement des exploitations selon leur production finale/ha peut être présumée du fait «> qu'elles se répartissent suivant une distribution également de type log-normal. Par ailleurs, il apparaît que le R.B.E. moyen par exploitation calculé au niveau de chaque classe d'intensification est relativement constant quelle que soit la production finale/ha moyenne. Ce résultat tendrait à prouver qu'il y a eu adaptation historique des structures agricoles au revenu que les agriculteurs tiraient du sol. . La relative constance de la structure du compte de production, observée durant la décennie 1959-1969, est due à une compensation entre les progressions des rendements et des prix — ces deux facteurs jouant en sens inverse — . Il en résulte que les régions à faible innovation technologique généralement productrices de viande bovine, ont su conserver la même position relative vis-à-vis des régions techniquement plus évoluées, le plus souvent productrices de céréales. . Les leçons tirées de cette analyse des exploitations devront être vérifiées et reprises à partir d'une exploitation du recensement général de l'agriculture (R.G.A.) de 1970 poursuivant des objectifs analogues.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Fourquie, 1971. "Synthèse nationale de la situation des exploitations agricoles en 1962. [Evolution de 1959 à 1969]," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 89(1), pages 25-38.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1971_num_89_1_2141
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1971.2141
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1971.2141
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