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La comptabilisation en valeur de marché dans les banques et les sociétés d'assurances : Les éléments du débat

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  • Denis Kessler
  • Yves Ullmo

Abstract

[eng] Market value accounting in the banking and insurance sector : elements for discussion. Over the last couple of years there as been, in many countries, significant discussions about the advantages of purchase price value accounting versus market value accounting. Two opposing views have emerged. On one hand, the supporters of a market value assessment of the different banks or insurance companies balance sheets maintain that the mark to market assessment would give a more precise idea of reality than that which results from acquisition cost accounting. Beside, the latter would lead to increased risk taking and would be dangerous for prudential control. As regards the historical value system, its supporters pretend that determining market value is, indeed, very questionable. In fact, such a mark to market accounting method would bring a great deal of financial markets volatility into the balance sheets of financial institutions, and thus have macro economic repercussions. [fre] Le débat sur les avantages et les inconvénients d'un système de comptabilisation en valeur historique ou en valeur de marché a pris ces dernières années de l'ampleur dans de nombreux pays. Deux positions s'affrontent. D'une part, les partisans d'une évaluation en valeur de marché des différents postes du bilan d'une banque ou d'une société d'assurances avancent que le « mark-to-market » donnerait une image plus fidèle de la réalité que celle qui résulte d'une comptabilité au coût d'acquisition. Celle-ci conduirait de plus à une prise de risque accrue et serait dangereuse pour le contrôle prudentiel. D'autre part, les défenseurs d'un système en valeur historique arguent que la détermination de la valeur de marché est, en pratique, très problématique. Ce mode de comptabilisation en «mark-to- market » introduirait dans les bilans des institutions financières une part trop importante de la volatilité des marchés financiers, et aurait ainsi des répercussions macroéconomiques.

Suggested Citation

  • Denis Kessler & Yves Ullmo, 1996. "La comptabilisation en valeur de marché dans les banques et les sociétés d'assurances : Les éléments du débat," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 37(2), pages 157-169.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1996_num_37_2_2271
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1996.2271
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1996.2271
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