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Comment définir les produits alimentaires ? L'élaboration des références pour l'application de la loi du 1er août 1905 entre expertise et consensus professionnel

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  • Pierre- Antoine Dessaux

Abstract

[eng] At the beginning of the 20th century, thefrench "pure food" debate ruled out the american way of standards promoted by Harvey Wiley. The law, adopted on the 1st of august 1905, and still the basis of commercial regulation, gave extended reglementary power to an ad hoc administration but denied the ability of science, and especially chemistry, to enact definitions of goods. These remained a matter of merchants and producers and a process had to be settled to produce global consensus. It involved international conferences that settled, in 1908-1909, the very first codex alimentarius. It also strengthened market structures that were to last for the whole century. [fre] La loi du 1er août 1905 sur la répression des fraudes et des falsifications marque un tournant dans la police des marchés de denrées et de biens de consommation courante en déléguant à l'administration un pouvoir réglementaire. Pour autant, elle ne se réduit pas à l'avènement d'un pouvoir d'expertise. Les premières années d'application de la loi voient la mise en place de procédures consensuelles de détermination des références pour les transactions. Industriels et commerçants restèrent au cœur des définitions de produits et purent ainsi consolider les structures de marché qui émergeaient à la Belle Époque.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre- Antoine Dessaux, 2006. "Comment définir les produits alimentaires ? L'élaboration des références pour l'application de la loi du 1er août 1905 entre expertise et consensus professionnel," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 25(1), pages 83-108.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2006_num_25_1_2582
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.2006.2582
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2006.2582
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