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« Practiques » et « practiqueurs » au temps d Henri III

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  • Xavier Le Person

Abstract

[fre] Résumé Les hommes du temps d'Henri III dénonçaient souvent dans leurs écrits les «practiques» et «menées» du roi et des grands, qualifiant ainsi des agissements ou des comportements dissimulés, faits de ruse, de théâtralité et de duplicité qui corrompaient les relations d'amitié, de fidélité et d'obéissance. Si le temps des troubles de la Ligue fut celui de la violence, il fut aussi celui de la persuasion: les princes tramaient et défaisaient incessamment toutes sortes d'entreprises en «jouant» de leur influence. C'est à «ces grandz qui ne font traffique que de simulation», qui cachent leurs desseins derrière les masques de leur visage, que cette thèse s'intéresse. Elle aborde les techniques de l'influence, les usages ambivalents du langage, les comportements équivoques destinés à persuader ou à tromper autrui. Elle s'attache à mettre en situation l'action et les propos du souverain et des gentilshommes dans le cadre concret de quelques affaires politiques analysées dans le détail. Fondée principalement sur des sources épistolaires ou des relations écrites au plus près des événements, elle tente de restituer l'ambiance d'un univers politique de la fin du XVIe siècle traversé par la rumeur qui, souvent manipulée, changeait et influençait sans cesse leurs décisions ou leurs actions. Le pouvoir et la puissance politique reposaient aussi sur la force des apparences. [eng] Abstract During the reign of Henri III, people often denounced the "practices" and "intrigues" of the king and of the grandees in their writings, qualifying them as machinations or dissimulations, ruses, theatrical acts, and duplicitous deeds that corrupted relations of friendship, fidelity, and obedience. If the troubles of the Catholic League were times for violence, they were also times for persuasion: princes incessantly hatched and unleashed all types of plots by "playing " with their influence. "These grandees who traffic only with dissimulation", who hide their designs behind their facial masks, form the subject of this thesis. The dissertation treats their techniques of influence, their ambivalent usages of language, and their equivocations intended to persuade or to deceive others. This study sets the actions and statements of the sovereign and of the nobles into the context of several political affairs, which are analyzed in detail. Founded principally on the sources and written relations closest to the events, the thesis attempts to restore the atmosphere of the political universe toward the end of the sixteenth century that was continually crisscrossed by rumors - which often manipulated, altered, and influenced key decisions and actions. Power and political force rested also on the force of appearances.

Suggested Citation

  • Xavier Le Person, 2003. "« Practiques » et « practiqueurs » au temps d Henri III," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 22(3), pages 349-365.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2003_num_22_3_2325
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.2003.2325
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2003.2325
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