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Systèmes agraires de la France de l'Ouest : une rationalité méconnue?

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  • Annie Antoine

Abstract

[fre] Résumé Interroger les systèmes et les pratiques agraires de l'Ouest à partir des questions que l'on se pose ailleurs et interpréter ce que l'on y rencontre à l'aide des discours des agronomes du XVIIIe siècle ou des travaux des historiens de l'openfield amène invariablement à en donner une image très négative. L'Ouest est le pays de la métairie, des céréales pauvres et de l'élevage; les rotations culturales ne se laissent pas enfermer dans les modèles simples de l'assolement biennal ou triennal et de vastes espaces sont laissés sans culture pendant des périodes qui peuvent durer bien longtemps. Le but de cet article est de montrer la rationalité de ce système de polyculture extensive dans lequel les landes constituent un faux inculte, partiellement intégré dans les rotations culturales, indispensables pour assurer le fonctionnement de l'ensemble du système. [eng] Abstract It appeared impossible to question oneself about agrarian systems and uses in the West part of France in the same terms used for other regions. Indeed, the West part of France was the land of the «métairie », which associated both cattle breeding and growing of primitive cereals. In contrast with others regions, large surfaces were kept in fallow during long periods. The present contribution tried to show that this specific system had practical justifications and was necessary to the local economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Annie Antoine, 1999. "Systèmes agraires de la France de l'Ouest : une rationalité méconnue?," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 18(1), pages 107-132.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1999_num_18_1_2021
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1999.2021
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1999.2021
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