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Les tueries à Paris sous l'Ancien Régime ou pourquoi la capitale n'a pas été dotée d'abattoirs aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles

Author

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  • Reynald Abad

Abstract

[fre] Résumé Tout au long des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, les bouchers parisiens abattent eux-mêmes les bêtes qu'ils achètent sur les marchés aux bestiaux. La mise à mort se fait dans une pièce appelée tuerie, généralement située à proximité immédiate de la boutique. La présence de nombreuses tueries au cœur de la capitale est à l'origine de graves nuisances pour la population. D'abord, le déplacement des troupeaux dans Paris provoque des embarras considérables; ensuite, l'abattage des bêtes est une source permanente de puanteur et de saleté dans les rues environnantes; enfin, la fonte des suifs dans les tueries représente un risque non négligeable d'incendies. Confrontées à cette situation et aux protestations de l'opinion publique, les autorités ont envisagé à plusieurs reprises de construire des abattoirs à la périphérie de la ville. Pourtant, les projets n'ont jamais abouti, du fait de la résistance des bouchers, qui refusaient tout changement dans l'organisation de leur commerce, et voulaient conserver le contrôle sur la chaîne d'approvisionnement, depuis les marchés jusqu'à l'étal. [eng] Abstract During the XVIFh and XVIirh centuries Parisian butchers slaughtered themselves the animals they bought at the cattle markets. The slaughtering took place in a room called tuerie, which was usually close to the shop. The existence of numerous tueries in the heart of the capital had harmful effects on the population. First, droves caused much trouble in the streets of Paris. Secondly, the slaughtering of the cattle was a permanent cause of stink and dirt in the vicinity. Finally, the melting of the tallow in the tueries was a great fire hazard. Faced with this situation and a hostile public opinion, the authorities planned several times to build slaughterhouses outside the city limits. Nevertheless, plans always failed, due to the opposition of the butchers, who refused any change in their trade organization and wanted to keep control over the supplying process from markets to stall.

Suggested Citation

  • Reynald Abad, 1998. "Les tueries à Paris sous l'Ancien Régime ou pourquoi la capitale n'a pas été dotée d'abattoirs aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 17(4), pages 649-676.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1998_num_17_4_2006
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1998.2006
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1998.2006
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