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Une biographie de fermier général. Réseaux, apprentissages et stratégies

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  • Olivier Zeller

Abstract

[eng] Abstract Jacques-Joseph Brac de La Perrière, « Fermier général » from 1771 to the Revolution, was a real self made man : initially destined for becoming a priest, he was completely destitute in personal wealth. Private records containing a great number of letters allow to follow the main steps of such an astonishing promotion. Four coteries were successively utilised. First, in 1753 and 1754, the young man was helped by the familial net, etablished in Lyon, but owning useful connections in Paris. After a hard integration, Brac de La Perrière improved his parisian insertion by seeking new acquaintances among financial world. Provided with a employment inside the « Ferme générale », Brac used from 1756 to 1761 a new strategy ensuring his intern advancement by establishing friendly relations with a very important « Fermier général ». Finally, he was able to climb the last steps from 1761 to 1771 thanks to a group of powerful protectors. So, such an social trajectory can be explained by familial strategy, by apprenticeships, and, overall, by the support of financial coteries. [fre] Résumé Jacques-Joseph Brac de La Perrière, Fermier général de 1771 à la Révolution, fut un véritable « self made man » : destiné primitivement à la prêtrise, il ne jouissait d'aucune fortune personnelle. Des archives privées contenant un grand nombre de lettres permettent de retracer les principales étapes d'une ascension aussi étonnante. Quatre cercles d'influence furent utilisés successivement. Tout d'abord, en 1753 et 1754, le jeune homme reçut l'aide du réseau familial, établi à Lyon, mais possédant d'utiles relations à Paris. Après une difficile intégration, Brac de La Perrière améliora son insertion parisienne en recherchant de nouvelles connaissances dans le monde financier. Pourvu d'un emploi dans la Ferme générale, Brac utilisa de 1756 à 1761 une nouvelle stratégie assurant son avancement en établissant des relations d'amitié avec l'un des plus importants fermiers généraux. Finalement, il put gravir les derniers échelons entre 1761 et 1771 grâce à un groupe de puissants protecteurs. Ainsi, une telle trajectoire sociale peut s'expliquer par la stratégie familiale, par les apprentissages et, surtout, par l'appui de groupes de pression financiers.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Zeller, 1996. "Une biographie de fermier général. Réseaux, apprentissages et stratégies," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 15(2), pages 245-280.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1996_num_15_2_1871
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1996.1871
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1996.1871
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